Day: October 13, 2022

In 2019,Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) included an article by Chen, Jian; Zhu, Shengqing; Qin, Jian; Chu, Lingling. Recommanded Product: 100-48-1. The article was titled 《Intermolecular, redox-neutral azidoarylation of alkenes via photoredox catalysis》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

An intermol., redox-neutral azidoarylation of alkenes with pyridines and TMSN3 was reported via visible light-induced photoredox catalysis. This protocol utilized a radical addition/radical coupling sequence, allowing for facile and regioselective installation of versatile β-azido pyridines under redox-neutral and mild conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used 4-Cyanopyridine(cas: 100-48-1Recommanded Product: 100-48-1)

4-Cyanopyridine(cas: 100-48-1) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine’s structure is isoelectronic with that of benzene, but its properties are quite different. Pyridine is completely miscible with water, whereas benzene is only slightly soluble. Like all hydrocarbons, benzene is neutral (in the acid–base sense), but because of its nitrogen atom, pyridine is a weak base.Recommanded Product: 100-48-1

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The author of 《Electrochemical Reduction of the Carbonyl Functional Group: The Importance of Adsorption Geometry, Molecular Structure, and Electrode Surface Structure》 were Bondue, Christoph J.; Koper, Marc T. M.. And the article was published in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2019. HPLC of Formula: 1122-54-9 The author mentioned the following in the article:

This paper studies the electrochem. hydrogenation of the carbonyl functional group of acetophenone and 4-acetylpyridine at platinum single-crystal electrodes. Comparison with results obtained for the hydrogenation of acetone featuring an isolated carbonyl functional group reveals the influence of the Ph ring and the pyridine ring, resp. Lack of acetone adsorption at Pt(111) and Pt(100) due to a weak interaction between surface and carbonyl functional group renders these surfaces inactive for the hydrogenation of acetone. Adsorption through a strong interaction with the Ph ring of acetophenone activates the Pt(111) and Pt(100) surfaces for hydrogenation of the acetyl substituent. In agreement with previous results for acetone reduction, the Pt(100) surface is specifically active for the hydrogenolysis reaction, breaking the C-O bond, whereas the other surfaces only hydrogenate the carbonyl functionality. In contrast to the Ph ring, the pyridine ring has a very different effect: due to the dominant interaction of the N atom of the pyridine ring with the platinum electrode, a vertical adsorption mode is realized. The resulting large phys. distance between the carbonyl functional group and the electrode surface inhibits the hydrogenation at all platinum surfaces. This also holds for the Pt(110) electrode, which is otherwise active for the electrochem. hydrogenation of the isolated carbonyl functional group of aliphatic ketones. Our results show how the combination of mol. structure of the reactant and surface structure of the catalyst determine the selective electroreduction of functionalized ketones.4-Acetylpyridine(cas: 1122-54-9HPLC of Formula: 1122-54-9) was used in this study.

4-Acetylpyridine(cas: 1122-54-9) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. HPLC of Formula: 1122-54-9

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

《Ligand-free copper-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective 1,1-alkylmonofluoroalkylation of terminal alkynes》 was written by Lv, Yunhe; Pu, Weiya; Wang, Xiaoxing. Category: pyridine-derivatives And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020. The article conveys some information:

The copper-catalyzed highly regio- and stereoselective 1,1-alkylmonofluoroalkylation of terminal alkynes with α-chloroacetamides and dialkyl 2-fluoromalonate or 2-fluoro-N,N-dialkyl-3-oxobutanamide without an external ligand was realized. With this novel methodol., (E)-β-monofluoroalkyl-β,γ-unsaturated amides containing quaternary C-F centers I [R = CH2OMe, 3-thienyl, Ph, etc.] could be easily constructed in good to excellent yields. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7Category: pyridine-derivatives)

4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7) belongs to pyridine. When pyridine is adsorbed on oxide surfaces or in porous materials, the following species are commonly observed: (i) pyridine coordinated to Lewis acid sites, (ii) pyridine H-bonded to weakly acidic hydroxyls, and (iii) protonated pyridine. At high coverage, physisorbed pyridine and protonated dimers can also be observed.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Xia, Dong; Duan, Xin-Fang published their research in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2021. The article was titled 《Tandem vinyl radical Minisci-type annulation on pyridines: one-pot expeditious access to azaindenones》.Category: pyridine-derivatives The article contains the following contents:

A new regiospecific alkylative/alkenylative cascade annulation of pyridines e.g., I has been achieved while the corresponding classic Minisci alkylative annulation failed. This protocol provides a novel and expeditious access to azaindenones and related compounds e.g., II via cross-dehydrogenative coupling with the long-standing problem of C2/C4 regioselectivity of pyridines being well addressed. In addition to this study using Pyridin-3-ylboronic acid, there are many other studies that have used Pyridin-3-ylboronic acid(cas: 1692-25-7Category: pyridine-derivatives) was used in this study.

Pyridin-3-ylboronic acid(cas: 1692-25-7) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine’s structure is isoelectronic with that of benzene, but its properties are quite different. Pyridine is completely miscible with water, whereas benzene is only slightly soluble. Like all hydrocarbons, benzene is neutral (in the acid–base sense), but because of its nitrogen atom, pyridine is a weak base.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Lisboa, Lynn S.; Riisom, Mie; Vasdev, Roan A. S.; Jamieson, Stephen M. F.; Wright, L. James; Hartinger, Christian G.; Crowley, James D. published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Cavity-containing [Fe2L3] 4+ helicates: an examination of host-guest chemistry and cytotoxicity》, and you may find the article in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland).Electric Literature of C5H3Br2N The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Two new di(2,2′-bipyridine) ligands, 2,6-bis([2,2′-bipyridin]-5-ylethynyl)pyridine (L1) and bis(4-([2,2′-bipyridin]-5-ylethynyl)phenyl)methane (L2) were synthesized and used to generate two metallosupramol. [Fe2(L)3](BF4)4 cylinders. The ligands and cylinders were characterized using elemental anal., electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, UV-vis, 1H-, 13C and DOSY NMR (NMR) spectroscopies. The mol. structures of the [Fe2(L)3](BF4)4 cylinders were confirmed using X-ray crystallog. Both the [Fe2(L1)3](BF4)4 and [Fe2(L2)3](BF4)4 complexes crystallized as racemic (rac) mixtures of the δδ (P) and λλ (M) helicates. However, 1H NMR spectra showed that in solution the larger [Fe2(L2)3](BF4)4 was a mixture of the rac δδ/λλ and meso-δλ isomers. The host-guest chem. of the helicates, which both feature a central cavity, was examined with several small drug mols. However, none of the potential guests were found to bind within the helicates. In vitro cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that both helicates were active against four cancer cell lines. The smaller [Fe2(L1)3](BF4)4 system displayed low μM activity against the HCT116 (IC50 = 7.1 ± 0.5 μM) and NCI-H460 (IC50 = 4.9 ± 0.4 μM) cancer cells. While the antiproliferative effects against all the cell lines examined were less than the well-known anticancer drug cisplatin, their modes of action would be expected to be very different. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2,6-Dibromopyridine(cas: 626-05-1Electric Literature of C5H3Br2N)

2,6-Dibromopyridine(cas: 626-05-1) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. Electric Literature of C5H3Br2N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Gil-Martinez, Jon; Macias, Iratxe; Unione, Luca; Bernardo-Seisdedos, Ganeko; Lopitz-Otsoa, Fernando; Fernandez-Ramos, David; Lain, Ana; Sanz-Parra, Arantza; Mato, Jose M.; Millet, Oscar published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Therapeutic targeting of fumaryl acetoacetate hydrolase in hereditary tyrosinemia type I》, and you may find the article in International Journal of Molecular Sciences.Electric Literature of C7H5N The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) is the fifth enzyme in the tyrosine catabolism pathway. A deficiency in human FAH leads to hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HT1), an autosomal recessive disorder that results in the accumulation of toxic metabolites such as succinylacetone, maleylacetoacetate, and fumarylacetoacetate in the liver and kidney, among other tissues. The disease is severe and, when untreated, it can lead to death. A low tyrosine diet combined with the herbicidal nitisinone constitutes the only available therapy, but this treatment is not devoid of secondary effects and long-term complications. In this study, we targeted FAH for the first-time to discover new chem. modulators that act as pharmacol. chaperones, directly associating with this enzyme. After screening several thousand compounds and subsequent chem. redesign, we found a set of reversible inhibitors that associate with FAH close to the active site and stabilize the (active) dimeric species, as demonstrated by NMR spectroscopy. Importantly, the inhibitors are also able to partially restore the normal phenotype in a newly developed cellular model of HT1. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7Electric Literature of C7H5N)

4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. Electric Literature of C7H5N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Honnanayakanavar, Jyoti M.; Nanubolu, Jagadeesh Babu; Suresh, Surisetti published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Tandem copper catalyzed regioselective N-arylation-amidation: synthesis of angularly fused dihydroimidazoquinazolinones and the anticancer agent TIC10/ONC201》, and you may find the article in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry.Name: 2-Bromonicotinaldehyde The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Herein, a copper-catalyzed tandem reaction of 2-aminoimidazolines I (R = n-Bu, Ph, furan-2-ylmethyl, pyridin-4-ylmethyl, etc.) and ortho-halo(hetero)aryl carboxylic acids R1C(O)OH (R1 = 2-bromophenyl, 2-bromo-4,5-difluorophenyl, 2-bromopyridin-3-yl, 4-chloropyridin-3-yl, etc.) that causes the regioselective formation of angularly fused tricyclic 1,2-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-one derivs II (R2 = H, OMe, F; R3 = H, OMe, Cl, Br, F, NO2; R4 = H, F), III and IV was presented. The reaction involved in the construction of the core six-membered pyrimidone moiety proceeded via regioselective N-arylation-condensation. The presented protocol has been successfully applied to accomplish the total synthesis of TIC10/ONC201 V, which is an active angular isomer acting as a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL): a sought after anticancer clin. agent. In addition to this study using 2-Bromonicotinaldehyde, there are many other studies that have used 2-Bromonicotinaldehyde(cas: 128071-75-0Name: 2-Bromonicotinaldehyde) was used in this study.

2-Bromonicotinaldehyde(cas: 128071-75-0) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. Name: 2-Bromonicotinaldehyde

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Application In Synthesis of 2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromideIn 2017 ,《(Aminomethylene)phosphonate Analogues as ZnII Chelators: Synthesis and Characterization》 appeared in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. The author of the article were Hevroni, Bosmat Levi; Jantz, Thomas; Gottlieb, Hugo E.; Fischer, Bilha. The article conveys some information:

A series of (aminomethylene)phosphonate (AMP) analogs, 8-14, bearing one or two heterocyclic moieties (imidazolyl, pyridyl, and thiazolyl) on the aminomethylene group, were synthesized as potential ZnII chelators. The complexes of analogs 8-14 with ZnII ions were characterized by their stoichiometry, geometry, coordination sites, acid/base equilibrium, and stability constants Analogs 8-14 form stable water-soluble 2:1 L/ZnII complexes, as established by ZnII titration, monitored by UV/visible spectrophotometry and by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy. Acidity and stability constants were established for each derivative by potentiometric pH titrations ML2 type ZnII complexes of AMP, bearing either an imidazolyl or pyridyl moiety, 8, 10, and 12, exhibit high log β values (17.68, 16.92, and 16.65, resp.), while for the AMP-thiazolyl (14) complex with ZnII, log β is 12.53. Generally, ligands 9, 11, and 13, bearing two heterocyclic moieties, present higher log β values (22.25, 21.00, and 18.28, resp.) vs. analogs bearing one heterocyclic moiety. Addnl., based on 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR spectroscopic data, the authors propose a structure of the AMP-(Im)2-ZnII complex in solution, where the ZnII coordination sites involve the phosphonate moiety and both imidazolyl rings of the two binding mols., forming an octahedral geometry around the ZnII ion. In summary, the authors propose a new family of water-soluble high-affinity ZnII chelators, in particular AMP-(Im)2, which forms the most stable complex (log β 22).2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide(cas: 31106-82-8Application In Synthesis of 2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide) was used in this study.

2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide(cas: 31106-82-8) belongs to pyridine. The basicity and metallophilic high donor number of these π-deficient systems has long favored them as ligands in metal catalysis. The last decade saw pyridine assume a stronger role as functional group for directed C–H oxidation/activation.Application In Synthesis of 2-(Bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Electric Literature of C6H5Br2NOOn June 1, 2011, Allcock, Robert W.; Blakli, Haakon; Jiang, Zhong; Johnston, Karen A.; Morgan, Keith M.; Rosair, Georgina M.; Iwase, Kazuhiko; Kohno, Yasushi; Adams, David R. published an article in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. The article was 《Phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Part 1: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of pyrazolopyridine-pyridazinone PDE inhibitors developed from ibudilast》. The article mentions the following:

Ibudilast [1-(2-isopropylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-2-methylpropan-1-one] is a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor used clin. to treat asthma. Efforts to selectively develop the PDE3- and PDE4-inhibitory activity of ibudilast led to replacement of the iso-Pr ketone by a pyridazinone heterocycle. Structure-activity relationship exploration in the resulting 6-(pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyridazin-3(2H)-ones revealed that the pyridazinone lactam functionality is a critical determinant for PDE3-inhibitory activity, with the nitrogen preferably unsubstituted. PDE4 inhibition is strongly promoted by introduction of a hydrophobic substituent at the pyridazinone N(2) center and a methoxy group at C-7′ in the pyrazolopyridine. Migration of the pyridazinone ring connection from the pyrazolopyridine 3′-center to C-4′ strongly enhances PDE4 inhibition. These studies establish a basis for development of potent PDE4-selective and dual PDE3/4-selective inhibitors derived from ibudilast. In addition to this study using 2,3-Dibromo-6-methoxypyridine, there are many other studies that have used 2,3-Dibromo-6-methoxypyridine(cas: 909720-21-4Electric Literature of C6H5Br2NO) was used in this study.

2,3-Dibromo-6-methoxypyridine(cas: 909720-21-4) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. As ligands, solvents, and catalysts they facilitate reactions; thus descriptions of these new ligands and their applications abound each year.Electric Literature of C6H5Br2NO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Peter, K.; Wietasch, H.; Peng, B.; Thelakkat, M. published an article in Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing. The title of the article was 《Dual-functional materials for interface modifications in solid-state dye-sensitised TiO2 solar cells》.Electric Literature of C12H10Cl2N2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The concept of solid-state dye-sensitized TiO2 solar cells with an organic semiconductor as hole-transport medium is studied in detail by examining the dye-hole conductor interface. The facile transfer of holes from Ru-dye core to the hole conductor requires suitable interface modifiers which have the function of dye and hole transport moiety, but with exactly positioned anchor groups and antenna functions. The synthesis and characterization of such novel low mol. weight multifunctional mols. carrying dye units and triphenylamine moieties are presented and their influence as interface modifiers is studied. This interface modification results in doubling the external quantum efficiency of current conversion via improved charge transfer at the dye-hole conductor interface. Also, the recombination processes at this interface are drastically suppressed, which leads to higher open-circuit voltage and consequently higher power-conversion efficiency. The concept is also extended to polymers to obtain dye-centered polymeric hole conductors which carry a single Ru-dye unit in the middle of the poly(vinyltriphenylamine) chain that acts as hole-conductor polymer. The polymerization was carried out by atom-transfer radical polymerization of 4-bromostyrene followed by polymer amination and finally metalation with Ru-bis(bipyridyl) precursors. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4,4′-Bis(chloromethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine(cas: 138219-98-4Electric Literature of C12H10Cl2N2)

4,4′-Bis(chloromethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine(cas: 138219-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. Electric Literature of C12H10Cl2N2The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem