Month: November 2022

Ridgway, R. L.; Gorzycki, L. J.; Lindquist, D. A. published an article in 1966, the title of the article was Effect of metabolite analogs on larval development and ovi-position in the boll weevil.Reference of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid And the article contains the following content:

Eighteen compounds were evaluated for their effects on larval development or oviposition or both in Anthonomus grandis. Methotrexate, 5-fluoroorotic acid, and 5-fluorouracil were among the most active compounds tested. The addition of uracil and RNA to adult diets containing 5-fluoroorotic acid and 5-fluorouracil partially reversed their effect on oviposition. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).Reference of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas:636-73-7) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Reference of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Henneberry, T. J.; Kishaba, A. N. published an article in 1966, the title of the article was Effects of some chemosterilants on the viability of eggs, fecundity, mortality, and mating of the cabbage looper.Name: Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid And the article contains the following content:

Tepa, metepa, or apholate fed to moths of Trichoplusia ni induced variable degrees of sterility. Male moths fed tepa did not mate so frequently as untreated males. Tepa applied as a spray induced complete sterility in cabbage looper males treated when 1-4 days old. Untreated female moths mated to males sprayed with tepa produced about the same number of eggs as females of untreated pairs. Egg viability decreased with increasing concentrations of tepa. Tepa-sprayed males mated as frequently as untreated males, but abnormal copulations in which males were unable to sep. from females occurred more frequently after tepa treatment than in groups of untreated males. Females sprayed with tepa laid fewer eggs than females of untreated pairs. Females sprayed with concentrations of 2 and 4% tepa laid few or no eggs and none hatched. Mortality of both male and female moths sprayed with tepa was higher at the end of the 8-day test period than that of untreated moths. Metepa and apholate were less effective than tepa in sterilizing either sex. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).Name: Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas:636-73-7) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Name: Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Nakamura, Mitsuru; Pitsch, Bonnie L. published an article in 1962, the title of the article was Stimulation of respiratory activity of Shigella sonnei by certain nitrogenous compounds.COA of Formula: C5H5NO3S And the article contains the following content:

Nicotinic acid (I), nicotinamide (II), tryptophan, pyridine-3-sulfonic acid (III), aspartic acid (IV), thiamine, glutamic acid, and asparagine all stimulated the respiratory activity of S. sonnei. Stimulation by II was approx. 100 times and III approx. twice as great as that by I. Maximum stimulation was shown by IV. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).COA of Formula: C5H5NO3S

Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas:636-73-7) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.COA of Formula: C5H5NO3S

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Littman, M. L.; Miwatani, T. published an article in 1964, the title of the article was Effect of water-soluble vitamins and their analogs on the growth of Candida albicans. III. p-Aminobenzoic acid, nicotinic acid, inositol, and their analogs.Safety of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid And the article contains the following content:

cf. CA 61, 7408b. A partial requirement for p-aminobenzoic acid (I), nicotinic acid (II), and inositol (III) by C. albicans was demonstrated. Analogs of I and II inhibited growth in the absence of the resp. vitamins; this effect was reversed upon addition of the vitamin. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).Safety of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas:636-73-7) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Safety of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Elliott, Fred C. published an article in 1963, the title of the article was The isolation of anti-metabolites from individual alfalfa plants. I. Cold water and paper chromatographic extraction techniques.SDS of cas: 636-73-7 And the article contains the following content:

Metabolites inhibiting growth of meadow vole weanlings were extracted from individual alfalfa clones using a combination of cold-water and paper-chromatographic techniques. Employment of 2 different solvent systems and 3 chromatographic papers facilitated the separation of a series of N base compounds Comparisons of Rf values and staining reactions with known compounds permitted tentative identification of a few compounds Water eluates from an area of the 3rd chromatographic paper gave a 3-fold increase in antimetabolic activity over at least 3 other areas of the chromatogram. The antimetabolic activity of an addnl. clone was phys. fractionated into 4% of the dry meal through air-separation on turbomilling equipment. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).SDS of cas: 636-73-7

Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas:636-73-7) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.SDS of cas: 636-73-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

den Hertog, H. J.; Combe, W. P.; Kolder, C. R. published an article in 1954, the title of the article was The reactivity of halogen atoms occupying positions 3 and 5 in 2,4-dihydroxypyridine.HPLC of Formula: 861024-77-3 And the article contains the following content:

A survey is given of the rearrangements occurring during the heating of the monobromo and monochloro derivatives of 2,4-dihydroxypyridine substituted at positions 3 or 5 with Br and Cl. In this connection the reactivity of 3,5-dibromo-(I) and 3,5-dichloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (II) has been investigated. It has been found that the halogen atoms at position 3 are replaced by H in both compounds when they are heated with an aqueous solution of HBr to which NaHSO3 or PbNH2 is added. When, on the contrary, the dihalo derivatives are treated with H in the presence of a Pd catalyst, the halogen atom in the 5 position is replaced by H. 3-Chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (0.2 g.) was heated 3 h. at 200° with 5 mL. of 48% aqueous HBr in a sealed tube and excess HBr evaporated The residue was 5-bromo-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (III), m. 228-30°. For identification it was heated with 3 g. of POBr3 for 3 h. at 160° in a sealed tube, the contents of the tube were poured onto ice, basified and distilled with steam to obtain from the distillate by filtration 2,4,5-tribromopyridine, m. 66-7°. 3,5-Dibromo-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (0.54 g.) and 0.19 g. of PhNH2 were heated in a sealed tube with 5 mL. of 48% aqueous HBr for 4 h. at 100°. The contents of the tube were made alk. with concentrated NaOH and extracted with ether. From the Et2O solution was obtained 0.33 g. 2,4-di-bromoaniline, m. 73-7°. The alk. solution was acidified with aqueous HBr to give 0.45 g. of a white precipitate essentially III. The mother liquors worked up brought the total yield of III to more than 85%. A mixture of 0.54 g. of II, 10 mL. of 48% aqueous HBr, and 1 g. of NaHSO3 was heated 3 h. at 200° in 2 sealed tubes. To the contents of the tubes aqueous NaOH solution was added until it showed a slightly acidic reaction, whereupon the liquid was continuously extracted with ether. From the ethereal solution 0.43 g. of 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine, m. 265-70° (from alc.-ligroine), was obtained. Its identity was proved by converting it with POBr3 into 2,4-dibromo-5-chloropyridine, m. 59-60°. A solution prepared from 0.24 g. II and 0.2 g. of NaOH in 50 mL. of alc. was shaken with H over Pd-Norite catalyst. When 1.3 mmol of H had been taken up, the velocity of gas absorption diminished considerably. The catalyst was filtered off, and after the solvent had been distilled off, dilute aqueous HCl was added to the residue until faintly acid. 3-Chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (0.105 g.), m. 310°, separated after some time. The mother liquors yielded an addnl. 0.05 g.; total yield, 0.155 g. 3,5-Dichloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (0.22 g.) was heated with 2 g. of POBr3 for 4 h. at 160° in a sealed tube to give 2,4-dibromo-3,5-dichloropyridine, m. 68.5-9° (from EtOH). The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,4-Dibromo-3-chloropyridine(cas: 861024-77-3).HPLC of Formula: 861024-77-3

2,4-Dibromo-3-chloropyridine(cas:861024-77-3) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.HPLC of Formula: 861024-77-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Clarke, K.; Rothwell, K. published an article in 1960, the title of the article was A kinetic study of the effect of substituents on the rate of formation of alkylpyridinium halides in nitromethane solution.Product Details of 25813-24-5 And the article contains the following content:

Rates of reaction of substituted pyridines with CH2:CHCH2Br (I), MeI, PhCH2Br, and PrBr in MeNO2 were measured at several temperatures Substituents influenced both Arrhenius parameters, E and log PZ. In general, the logarithms of the rate constants varied linearly with the dissociation constants of the bases in H2O; however, the rates for the alkoxypyridines did not fit the linear relation, presumably due to a solvent effect, and those for the 2-substituted pyridines followed a different linear relation than those for the 3- and 4-substituted compounds Plots of log k against the Hammett substituent constants gave a somewhat scattered series of points, the 3- and 4-substituted compounds giving approx. linear relations with different slopes. The ortho effect influenced the activation energy, rather than the PZ factor. Primary steric hindrance was deemed important in the ortho effect. Changes in the free energy of ionization of pyridines and of activation for the Menschutkin reaction brought about by 2 substituents were algebraic sums of the changes brought about by the 2 groups individually, except in the case of 2,6- and 2,3-disubstituted compounds Rate constants (k × 104) at 60°, energies of activation (kcal./mole), and log PZ for reactions with I, and pK for ionization of the pyridine bases were (substituents shown): 2-Me, 7.53, 13.62, 5.83, 5.97; 3-Me, 71.4, 12.52, 6.06, 5.68; 4-Me, 81.7, 12.44, 6.07, 6.02; 2,3-Me2, 7.34, 13.86, 5.96, 6.60; 2,4-Me2, 14.6, 13.20, 5.82, 6.72; 2,5-Me2, 12.4, 13.31, 5.83, 6.47; 2,6-Me2, 0.18, -, -, 6.77; 3,4-Me2, 131.5, 12.20, 6.13, 6.52; 3,5-Me2 (II), 109.1, 12.37, 6.14, 6.14; 2-Et, 3.65, 13.94, 5.71, 5.99; 4-Et, 85.0, 12.46, 6.11, 6.02; 2,4,6-Me3, 0.31, -, -, 7.48; 2-OMe, -, -, – (no reaction), 3.40; 3-OMe, 41.3, 12.73, 5.96, 4.91; 4-OMe(III), 91.9, 12.38, 6.08, 6.55; 3-OEt, 45.7, -, -, -, 4-OEt, 104.0, 12.44, 6.18, 6.67; 3-Br, 5-OMe (IV), 5.56, 13.72, 5.75, -; 3-Br, 5-OEt (V), 6.38, 13.69, 5.78, -: 3-F, 5.69, 13.76, 5.77, 3.0; 3-Cl, 5.45, 13.72, 5.74, 2.84; 3-Br (VI), 5.87, 13.67, 5.13, 2.84; 3-CO2Et, 8.98, 13.58, 5.87, 3.35; 4-CO2Et, 10.0, 13.51, 5.87, 3.45; unsubstituted, 46.3, 12.73, 6.00, 5.17. The 2-F, 2-Cl, 3,5-Br2 (VII), 3,5-Br2 4-OMe, 3,5-Br2 4-Cl (VIII), 2-CO2Et, 4-OMe 5-NO2 (IX), and 4-OEt 5-NO2 (X) derivatives did not react with I at 60°. Kinetic measurements were made in 0.05M solution of the reactants, the extent of reaction being determined by Volhard titration of the bromide formed. VII (5 g.) in 75 ml. ether added to Me3CLi (from 1.3 g. Li) in ether at -35 to -40°, the mixture stirred 30 min., excess MeI in ether added, the ether removed, the residual paste acidified and steam-distilled, and the residue made alk. and steam-distilled gave II, b. 170.0-70.5°, m. -10°. The perbromide of pyridine hydrobromide treated by the method of Englert and McElvain (CA 23, 1901) gave, along with 3-bromo- and 3,5-dibromopyridine, a mixture of tribromopyridines from which 2,3,5-tribromopyridine, b. 160°, m. 45.0-5.5°, was isolated. VII (15 g.) refluxed 8 hrs. with MeOK (from 10 g. K) in 100 ml. MeOH, the solution filtered, acidified, and steam-distilled, the residue made alk. and steam distilled, the product extracted with ether, and HBr added gave 74% IV hydrobromide, m. 178.5-9.5°, from which IV, m. 33.5-4.0°, was liberated by addition of NaOH. V, b5 111°, m. 8.2-8.8°, was prepared similarly. VII and MeOK heated 5 min. at 140° and steam distilled gave 32% 3,5-dimethoxypyridine, isolated as the picrate; chloroplatinate m. 212-13° (decomposition) (alc. HCl). Chelidamic acid (20 g.) and 25 g. Br in H2O stirred 24 hrs., the product filtered off and decarboxylated 1 hr. at 200-240°, 15 g. PCl5 and 15 g. POCl3 added, the mixture heated 0.5 hr. at 125°, H2O added, and the mixture poured into iced aqueous KOH and steam-distilled gave 15.1 g. VIII, m. 98.0-8.5° (alc.). The latter (10 g.) added to MeOK (from 10 g. K) in 100 ml. MeOH and diluted with H2O gave 40% ether, m. 85-6° (alc.). Picolinic acid (20 g.) in 50 g. absolute EtOH and 50 g. H2SO4 refluxed 4 hrs., poured on ice, made alk. with NH3, and extracted with Et2O gave 20% Et picolinate, b47 153-4°. Et nicotinate, b21 116°, m. 9.6-10.0°, and Et isonicotinate, b21 111.5-12.0°, m. 7.0-7.5°, were similarly prepared in 80 and 40% yield, resp. Nitration of 4-hydroxypyridine (Koenigs and Freter, CA 19, 71) gave 15% 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitropyridine, m. 315°, and no mononitro derivative The nitrate of III (2.5 g.), 10 g. fuming HNO3, and 10 g. fuming H2SO4 (containing 20% SO3) heated 24 hrs. on a steam bath gave 34% IX, m. 76.0-6.5°. X, m. 48.0-8.4°, was prepared similarly in 41% yield. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxypyridine(cas: 25813-24-5).Product Details of 25813-24-5

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxypyridine(cas:25813-24-5) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Product Details of 25813-24-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Prescott, B.; Stone, H. J. published an article in 1966, the title of the article was Means of increasing the tolerated dose of streptomycin in mice. Certain sulfonic acids.Reference of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid And the article contains the following content:

With a 10 mg. dose of streptomycin, which was tolerated by only 7% of Swiss white and 12% of DBA mice, simultaneous administration of sulfanilic acid (25 mg.) or 6-thymolsulfonic acid (25 mg.) increased the tolerance to 93% of the Swiss white and 100% of the DBA mice tested. Sixty-seven percent of the Swiss white and 95% of the DBA mice survived 20 mg. streptomycin given concomitantly with the adjuvants. Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid (25 mg.) produced 90% survival in both strains of mice and dl-10-camphorsulfonic acid produced 83 and 100% survival in Swiss white and DBA mice, resp. Sixty percent of the mice tested survived 20 daily doses of 10 mg. streptomycin plus 25 mg. sulfanilic acid. The presence of free streptomycin in the blood of treated mice was demonstrated by the ability of serums to inhibit in vitro growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis while the normal serum controls had no inhibitory action. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).Reference of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas:636-73-7) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Reference of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Lu, Wei-Zhen; Lin, Hui-An; Bai, Chyi-Huey; Lin, Sheng-Feng published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Posterior circulation acute stroke prognosis early CT scores in predicting functional outcomes: A meta-analysis.Quality Control of N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate And the article contains the following content:

Background and purpose: Patients with posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke exhibit varied clin. presentations and functional outcomes. Whether posterior circulation acute stroke prognosis early computed tomog. scores (PC-ASPECTS) predict unfavorable functional outcomes (UFO) for patients treated with different therapeutic regimens is unclear. Methods: According to PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic search of electronic databases for studies assessing the functional outcomes of posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke using baseline PC-ASPECTS. The following three scales of PC-ASPECTS were retrieved: UFO prediction by using PC-ASPECTS per score decrease, UFO prediction by using binary PC-ASPECTS with a cut-off value, and the difference in PC-ASPECTS between patients with unfavorable and favorable functional outcomes. Moreover, a subgroup anal. was conducted for patients treated with intra-arterial endovascular treatment (IA-EVT) only. Sensitivity anal. with different definition of UFO and image modalities were also conducted. Results: In total, 25 studies were included. In scale 1, PC-ASPECTS significantly predicted UFO (odds ratio [OR]: 1.66 per score decrease, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32-2.07). In scale 2, binary PC-ASPECTS with a cut-off value between 6 and 9 significantly predicted UFO (OR: 3.91, 95% CI: 2.54-6.01). In scale 3, patients with UFO had lower PC-ASPECTS than those with favorable outcomes (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.67, 95% CI: -0.8 to -0.55). For patients treated with IA-EVT only, the scales demonstrated consistent results. Sensitivity anal. showed PC-ASPECTS significantly predicted UFO in both definitions of modified Rankin Scale ≥ 3 and ≥ 4, and magnetic resonance imaging was preferred imaging modality for PC-ASPECTS evaluation. Conclusion: Baseline PC-ASPECTS is effective in predicting UFO for patients with posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke treated with different therapeutic regimens. The experimental process involved the reaction of N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate(cas: 132-20-7).Quality Control of N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate

N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate(cas:132-20-7) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Quality Control of N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Kasuji, Sumayya; Gadaria, Prady published an article in 2016, the title of the article was DEVELOPMENT OF A ONCE DAILY GENTAMICIN REGIMEN FOR PAEDIATRIC SURGERY PATIENTS..Name: N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate And the article contains the following content:

AIM: Intravenous gentamicin is given as a 5 day course to paediatric patients who have undergone abdominal surgery. There was an impression that the multiple daily dosing regimen in use at the time (2.5 mg/kg three times a day) did not provide therapeutic levels in this patient cohort therefore the aim was to develop a dosing regimen that did. METHOD: A retrospective audit of pre- and post-dose gentamicin levels in patients on a multiple daily dose regimen was undertaken. Data was gathered using a microbiology database and children aged between 1 month and 16 years who had gentamicin prophylaxis following abdominal surgery between January 2005 and January 2010 were included. Following on from the initial audit a once daily gentamicin dosing regimen was introduced for all patients who met the inclusion criteria: child aged over 1 month of age without ascites, cystic fibrosis, endocarditis, major burns or significant renal impairment and not pregnant. The once daily dose chosen was based on BNF-c guidance and an administration guideline was incorporated into a prescription chart. A survey of 7 hospitals and a literature review was conducted to determine when gentamicin levels were monitored. Once the regimen had been in place for 12 months a prospective audit of trough levels was undertaken. RESULTS: Multiple day dosing.336 children were reviewed, of these 35 had incomplete data and were excluded. Data was analysed from 301 children, 207 (68.7%) had a post dose below the recommended therapeutic range (5-10 mg/L) and the dose was increased by 10%. 132/207 of this subset had a second post dose measured and 99/132 (75%) were still below the therapeutic range. Overall, only 31.2% of children had gentamicin levels within the therapeutic range during the course of treatment.The Hartford nomogram has not been validated for use in children therefore it cannot it be applied to this patient cohort. The literature review and survey of practice revealed that with once daily dosing a peak gentamicin level does not need to be measured, as it is assumed that with a 7 mg/kg dose the pharmacodynamic goal of achieving a peak to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio greater than 104 will be achieved.1 2 Therefore, it is routine practice to only measure the trough level 1.Once daily dosingThirty patients were audited after the introduction of the once daily regimen and 100% of patients had a trough level of ≤1 mg/L. CONCLUSION: A once daily gentamicin regimen of 7 mg/kg was found to achieve therapeutic levels in paediatric surgery patients who met the inclusion criteria when administered in accordance with the local prescription chart. A further audit is planned to determine if the new dosage regimen affects the clinical outcome. The experimental process involved the reaction of N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate(cas: 132-20-7).Name: N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate

N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate(cas:132-20-7) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Name: N,N-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine maleate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem