Day: January 4, 2023

Isomerization-Induced Multiple Reaction Pathways in Platinum-Catalyzed C-H Acylation Reaction of 2-Aryloxypyridines was written by Barham, Alexander;Neu, Justin;Canter, Cathleen L.;Pike, Robert D.;Li, Yumin;Huo, Shouquan. And the article was included in Organometallics in 2021.Quality Control of 2-Phenoxypyridine This article mentions the following:

In Pt-catalyzed C-H acylation of 2-(2-methylphenoxy)pyridine (L¹) with Et chlorooxoacetate to produce Et 2-(3-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yloxy))phenyl-2-oxoacetate (L²), possible reaction steps involved in the catalytic cycle were studied, which include the ligand exchange of precatalysts cis- and trans-Pt(PhCN)₂Cl₂ with L¹, the intramol. C-H activation (cyclometalation) of cis- and trans-Pt(L¹)₂Cl₂ (1), and the acylation of the trans-cyclometalated Pt complex (trans-2) formed from the C-H activation reaction. The cis coordination compounds including the intermediate Pt complexes showed much higher reactivity toward the ligand exchange and the C-H activation than their trans isomers. Consequently, the cis isomers exhibit higher catalytic activity in the C-H acylation reaction. Although the C-H activation of cis- and trans-Pt(L¹)₂Cl₂ produces trans-2, the cis isomer (cis-2) is very likely formed in the C-H activation of cis-Pt(L¹)₂Cl₂ but undergoes isomerization to the more stable trans-2. Probably the fast reaction pathway via all cis-Pt complexes may be responsible for the efficient catalytic reaction, but isomerization of cis-2 to trans-2 could be highly competitive. The acylation of the trans-cycloplatinated complex produces both cis- and trans-Pt complexes Pt(L¹)(L²)Cl₂. The regaining of the cis-Pt complex revives the catalytic cycle. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Quality Control of 2-Phenoxypyridine).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of âˆ?8.7 × 10âˆ? cm3·molâˆ?.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·molâˆ? in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·molâˆ? in the gas phase. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Quality Control of 2-Phenoxypyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Rational Optimization and Action Mechanism of Novel Imidazole (or Imidazolium)-Labeled 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Thioethers as Promising Antibacterial Agents against Plant Bacterial Diseases was written by Wang, Pei-Yi;Wang, Ming-Wei;Zeng, Dan;Xiang, Meng;Rao, Jia-Rui;Liu, Qing-Qing;Liu, Li-Wei;Wu, Zhi-Bing;Li, Zhong;Song, Bao-An;Yang, Song. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2019.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

The emergence and widespread occurrence of plant bacterial diseases that cause global production constraints have become major challenges to agriculture worldwide. To promote the discovery and development of new bactericides, imidazole-labeled 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioethers were first fabricated by integrating the crucially bioactive scaffolds of the imidazole motif and 1,3,4-oxadiazole skeleton in a single mol. architecture. Subsequently, a superior antibacterial compound A₆ was gradually discovered possessing excellent competence against plant pathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri with EC₅₀ values of 0.734 and 1.79 μg/mL, resp. These values were better than those of com. agents bismerthiazol (92.6 μg/mL) and thiodiazole copper (77.0 μg/mL). Further modifying the imidazole moiety into the imidazolium scaffold led to the discovery of an array of potent antibacterial compounds providing the corresponding min. EC₅₀ values of 0.295 and 0.607 μg/mL against the two strains. Moreover, a plausible action mechanism for attacking pathogens was proposed based on the concentration dependence of SEM, transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence microscopy images. Given the simple mol. structures, easy synthetic procedure, and highly efficient bioactivity, imidazole (or imidazolium)-labeled 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioethers can be further explored and developed as promising indicators for the development of com. drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2Category: pyridine-derivatives).

Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Base-Assisted Aerobic C-H Oxidation of Alkylarenes with a Murdochite-Type Oxide Mg₆MnO₈ Nanoparticle Catalyst was written by Hayashi, Eri;Tamura, Takatoshi;Aihara, Takeshi;Kamata, Keigo;Hara, Michikazu. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2022.COA of Formula: C12H9NO This article mentions the following:

Heterogeneously catalyzed aerobic oxidative C-H functionalization under mild conditions is a chem. process to obtain desired oxygenated products directly. Nanosized murdochite-type oxide Mg₆MnO₈ (Mg₆MnO₈-MA) was successfully synthesized by the sol-gel method using malic acid. The sp. surface area reached up to 104 m² g^-1, which is about 7 times higher than those (2-15 m² g^-1) of Mg₆MnO₈ synthesized by previously reported methods. Mg₆MnO₈-MA exhibited superior catalytic performance to those of other Mn- and Mg-based oxides, including manganese oxides with Mn-O-Mn active sites for the oxidation of fluorene with mol. oxygen (O₂) as the sole oxidant under mild conditions (40°C). The present catalytic system was applicable to the aerobic oxidation of various substrates. The catalyst could be recovered by simple filtration and reused several times without obvious loss of its high catalytic performance. The correlation between the reactivity and the pK_a of the substrates, basic properties of catalysts, and kinetic isotope effects suggest a basicity-controlled mechanism of hydrogen atom transfer. The ¹⁸O-labeling experiments, kinetics, and mechanistic studies showed that H abstraction of the hydrocarbon proceeds via a mechanism involving O₂ activation. The structure of Mg₆MnO₈ consisting of isolated Mn⁴⁺ species located in a basic MgO matrix plays an important role in the present oxidation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1COA of Formula: C12H9NO).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.COA of Formula: C12H9NO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

A Boron Difluoride Hydrazone (BODIHY) Polymer Exhibits Aggregation-Induced Emission was written by Cappello, Daniela;Watson, Alexander E. R.;Gilroy, Joe B.. And the article was included in Macromolecular Rapid Communications in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 91-02-1 This article mentions the following:

Polymers that exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) find use, for example, as cell-imaging agents and as fluorometric sensors due to their unique optical properties. However, the structural diversity of AIE-active polymers has not necessarily advanced at the same rate as their applications. In this work, ring-opening metathesis polymerization is used to synthesize the first example of a polymer (M_n = 61,600 g mol^-1, Dj = 1.32) containing boron difluoride hydrazone (BODIHY) heterocycles in its repeating unit. The BODIHY monomer and polymer described absorb and emit in the visible region in solution (λ_abs = 428 and 429 nm, λ_em = 528 and 526 nm) and as thin films (λ_abs = 443 and 440 nm, λ_em = 535 and 534 nm). Monomer (Φ_Film = 10%) and polymer (Φ_Film = 6%) exhibit enhanced emission as thin films compared to solution (Φ_Soln â‰?1%) as well as AIE upon the addition of water to DMF solutions as a result of restriction of intramol. motion. Enhancement factors for the monomer and polymer are determined to be 58 and 15, resp. The title BODIHY polymer exhibited an earlier onset of AIE and enhanced sensitivity to solution viscosity when compared to the parent monomer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1HPLC of Formula: 91-02-1).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.HPLC of Formula: 91-02-1

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Flow technol. for telescoped generation, lithiation and electrophilic (C₃) functionalization of highly strained 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes was written by Musci, Pantaleo;von Keutz, Timo;Belaj, Ferdinand;Degennaro, Leonardo;Cantillo, David;Kappe, C. Oliver;Luisi, Renzo. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.Name: Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone This article mentions the following:

Strained compounds are privileged moieties in modern synthesis. In this context, 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes are appealing structural motifs that can be employed as click reagents or precursors to azetidines. We herein report the first telescoped continuous flow protocol for the generation, lithiation, and electrophilic trapping of 1-azabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes. The flow method allows for exquisite control of the reaction parameters, and the process operates at higher temperatures and safer conditions with respect to batch mode. The efficiency of this intramol. cyclization/C3-lithiation/electrophilic quenching flow sequence is documented with more than 20 examples. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1Name: Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Name: Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Monodisperse CuPd alloy nanoparticles as efficient and reusable catalyst for the C (sp²)-H bond activation was written by Huang, Fei;Wang, Feifan;Hu, Qiyan;Tang, Lin;Xu, Dongping;Fang, Yang;Zhang, Wu. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2021.Application In Synthesis of 2-Phenoxypyridine This article mentions the following:

Metal-catalyzed selective activation of C-H bonds is very important for the construction of a variety of biol. active mols. Supported alloy nanoparticles are of great interest in various catalytic applications due to the synergistic effects between different metals. Here, well-dispersed CuPd alloy nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were synthesized and found to be highly efficient and recyclable catalyst for the chelation-assisted C(sp²)-H bond activation. Aromatic ketones or esters were synthesized via the cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction between 2-arylpyridines and alcs. or acids [e.g., 2-phenylpyridine + benzyl alc. â†?I (94%)]. Moreover, the catalyst was recovered and used for five times without significantly losing activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Application In Synthesis of 2-Phenoxypyridine).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Application In Synthesis of 2-Phenoxypyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Pd(II)-catalyzed intermolecular enantioselective hydroamination of styrenes was written by Yu, Feng;Chen, Pinhong;Liu, Guosheng. And the article was included in Organic Chemistry Frontiers in 2015.HPLC of Formula: 644-98-4 This article mentions the following:

A Pd-catalyzed intermol. asym. hydroamination of styrenes was developed to give various chiral benzyl amides exclusively, in which the oxidation-stable pyridine-oxazoline was used as the chiral ligand to provide moderate to good enantioselectivities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4HPLC of Formula: 644-98-4).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. HPLC of Formula: 644-98-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The Interaction between High-Molecular-Weight Flocculents and Ionic Surfactants was written by Barany, S.. And the article was included in Colloid Journal (Translation of Kolloidnyi Zhurnal) in 2002.Synthetic Route of C17H30BrN This article mentions the following:

The interaction between the anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes of various mol. masses and charges and the ionic surfactants in aqueous and salt solutions is studied by viscometry, conductometry, light scattering, and electrophoresis. Oppositely charged mols. of surfactant and polymer form strong complexes due to the forces of electrostatic attraction that is manifested in a significant decrease in the viscosity and light transmission, as well as in the relative reduction in solution conductivity As the surfactant/polyelectrolyte ratio increased, the forming complexes precipitated and then dissolved again. In the case of strongly charged polyelectrolytes, the partial dissolution of precipitates was observed preceding the wide region of destabilization. In this region, the value of surfactant/polyelectrolyte charge ratio reaches 3-4. The interaction between the cationic surfactants and anionic polyelectrolyte increases with the lengthening of alkyl radical, indicating the presence of cooperative interactions between the surfactant mols. bonded to polymer and the important role of relevant hydrophobic interactions. As a result, the interaction between the high-mol.-weight anionic polyelectrolytes and anionic surfactants containing aromatic core takes place in some cases. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4Synthetic Route of C17H30BrN).

1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Synthetic Route of C17H30BrN

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ion-radical mechanism of polymer-nitrogen dioxide interaction was written by Davydov, E. Ya.;Gaponova, I. S.;Pariiskii, G. B.;Pokholok, T. V.. And the article was included in Vysokomolekulyarnye Soedineniya, Seriya A i Seriya B in 2006.Application In Synthesis of 2-Isopropylpyridine This article mentions the following:

With the reference to poly(2-vinylpyridine), the ion-radical mechanism is established for the generation of stable nitrogen-containing radicals in polymers under the effect of nitrogen dioxide. The mechanism includes the reactions of nitrogen dioxide dimers occurring in the form of nitrosonium-nitrate ion pairs. The ion-radical process is induced by electron transfer from donor groups of macromols. to nitrosonium cations resulting in the formation of cation-macroradicals and nitrogen oxide. Stable radicals are generated in the course of subsequent reactions of these particles leading to the formation of macromol. nitroso compounds, which are efficient spin traps. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Application In Synthesis of 2-Isopropylpyridine).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Application In Synthesis of 2-Isopropylpyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Nitrogen reduction and functionalization by a multimetallic uranium nitride complex was written by Falcone, Marta;Chatelain, Lucile;Scopelliti, Rosario;Zivkovic, Ivica;Mazzanti, Marinella. And the article was included in Nature (London, United Kingdom) in 2017.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

Mol. nitrogen (N₂) is cheap and widely available, but its unreactive nature is a challenge when attempting to functionalize it under mild conditions with other widely available substrates (such as carbon monoxide, CO) to produce value-added compounds Biol. N₂ fixation can do this, but the industrial Haber-Bosch process for ammonia production operates under harsh conditions (450 °C and 300 bar), even though both processes are thought to involve multimetallic catalytic sites. And although mol. complexes capable of binding and even reducing N₂ under mild conditions are known, with co-operativity between metal centers considered crucial for the N₂ reduction step, the multimetallic species involved are usually not well defined, and further transformation of N₂-binding complexes to achieve N-H or N-C bond formation is rare. Haber noted, before an iron-based catalyst was adopted for the industrial Haber-Bosch process, that uranium and uranium nitride materials are very effective heterogeneous catalysts for ammonia production from N₂. However, few examples of uranium complexes binding N₂ are known, and soluble uranium complexes capable of transforming N₂ into ammonia or organonitrogen compounds have not yet been identified. Here we report the four-electron reduction of N₂ under ambient conditions by a fully characterized complex with two U(III) ions and three K⁺ centers held together by a nitride group and a flexible metalloligand framework. The addition of H₂ and/or protons, or CO to the resulting N2(4-) complex results in the complete cleavage of N₂ with concomitant N₂ functionalization through N-H or N-C bond-forming reactions. These observations establish that a mol. uranium complex can promote the stoichiometric transformation of N₂ into NH₃ or cyanate, and that a flexible, electron-rich, multimetallic, nitride-bridged core unit is a promising starting point for the design of mol. complexes capable of cleaving and functionalizing N₂ under mild conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7Category: pyridine-derivatives).

Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem