Day: January 4, 2023

Synthesis of Phenols from Aryl Ammonium Salts under Mild Conditions was written by Ni, Pufan;Yang, Lei;Shen, Yi;Zhang, Lei;Ma, Yueyue;Sun, Maolin;Cheng, Ruihua;Ye, Jinxing. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

A general method for the synthesis of phenols from electron-deficient aryl ammonium salts or heteroaryl ammonium salts under mild conditions was developed. Benzaldehyde oxime, acetohydroxamic acid, and hydroxylamine hydrochloride were investigated as hydroxide surrogates, resp. With these hydroxide surrogates, a series of phenols were prepared in yields of 20-98%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxypyridine (cas: 13472-81-6Category: pyridine-derivatives).

3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxypyridine (cas: 13472-81-6) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Metabolomic profiling of SQ-1-induced changes in starch metabolism in sterile anthers of wheat was written by Tang, Huali;Zhou, Yuxin;Guo, Jialin;Li, Ying;Wang, Junwei;Niu, Na;Ma, Shoucai;Wang, Chunping;Wang, Jiufeng;Song, Yulong;Zhang, Gaisheng. And the article was included in Plant Growth Regulation in 2021.Application In Synthesis of Pyridin-4-ol This article mentions the following:

The metabolome and starch contents are closely related with the normal pollen development in plants. Thus, in this study, metabolome profiling, including principal component anal., hierarchical cluster anal., and metabolite-metabolite correlations were performed, and the changes induced by SQ-1 in the expression of starch synthetase genes in a male sterility line (PHYMS-1376) and male fertility line (MF-1376) were analyzed to elucidate the relationship between the metabolite contents (metabolomes and starches) and pollen abortion and, consequently, explore the mechanisms underlying male-sterility induced by SQ-1. Results from this study showed that PHYMS-1376 displayed a high male-sterility rate (up to 99.07%), accompanied by low starch content in pollen. Metabolomic profiling revealed 93 metabolites present at significantly different levels using two-tailed unpaired Student′s t-test (p-value â‰?0.05) between the anthers of PHYMS-1376 and MF-1376, which were classified into five clusters. These 93 differential metabolites were analyzed using principal component anal. and partial least squares-discriminant anal. found that all 60 samples were separated into four classes based on their developmental stage: (1) tetrad, (2) early uninucleate, (3) late uninucleate, and (4) binucleate and trinucleate stages in MF-1376 and PHYMS-1376 anthers. A total of 4278 correlations were identified among these 93 differential metabolites; thus, 107 significantly correlated pairs were found. The pathway anal. of the 93 differential metabolites showed that 67 metabolites play roles in the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and other metabolic pathways. Meanwhile, an integrated metabolic map revealed relationships in terms of metabolic pathways among 84 metabolites from the 93 differential metabolites. Furthermore, the expression of key starch synthetase genes was dysregulated during the anther development from the tetrad to trinucleate stage in PHYMS-1376. In conclusion, we hypothesised that the expression patterns of most analyzed metabolites (e.g. amino acids, fatty acids, and sugars) affected the numerous metabolic pathways, thereby probably harbouring insufficient nutrients for the abnormal regulation of starch synthetase genes for pollen development, leading to an abnormal or lack of starch formation and ultimately resulting in pollen abortion in the male sterility line induced by SQ-1. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2Application In Synthesis of Pyridin-4-ol).

Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Application In Synthesis of Pyridin-4-ol

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Molecular Rotors for Universal Quantitation of Nanoscale Hydrophobic Interfaces in Microplate Format was written by Bisso, Paul W.;Tai, Michelle;Katepalli, Hari;Bertrand, Nicolas;Blankschtein, Daniel;Langer, Robert. And the article was included in Nano Letters in 2018.Reference of 65350-59-6 This article mentions the following:

Hydrophobic self-assembly pairs diverse chem. precursors and simple formulation processes to access a vast array of functional colloids. Exploration of this design space, however, is stymied by lack of broadly general, high-throughput colloid characterization tools. A narrow structural subset of fluorescent, zwitterionic mol. rotors, dialkylaminostilbazolium sulfonates [DASS] with intermediate-length alkyl tails, fills this major anal. void by quant. sensing hydrophobic interfaces in microplate format. DASS dyes supersede existing interfacial probes by avoiding off-target fluorogenic interactions and dye aggregation while preserving hydrophobic partitioning strength. To illustrate the generality of this approach, the authors demonstrate (i) a microplate-based technique for measuring mass concentration of small (20-200 nm), dilute (submicrogram sensitivity) drug delivery nanoparticles; (ii) elimination of particle size, surfactant chem., and throughput constraints on quantifying the complex surfactant/metal oxide adsorption isotherms critical for environmental remediation and enhanced oil recovery; and (iii) more reliable self-assembly onset quantitation for chem. and structurally distinct amphiphiles. These methods could streamline the development of nanotechnologies for a broad range of applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Butyl-4-methylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 65350-59-6Reference of 65350-59-6).

1-Butyl-4-methylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 65350-59-6) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Reference of 65350-59-6

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Blue-green light emission from self-assembled bipyridinium thin films was written by Zheng, Haipeng;Zhang, Ruifeng;Wu, Ying;Shen, Jiacong. And the article was included in Chemistry Letters in 1998.Safety of 1-Butyl-4-methylpyridin-1-ium bromide This article mentions the following:

The photoluminescence (PL) properties of a short ribbon-like conjugated bipyridinium and its application in the design and fabrication of organic LED devices are discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Butyl-4-methylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 65350-59-6Safety of 1-Butyl-4-methylpyridin-1-ium bromide).

1-Butyl-4-methylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 65350-59-6) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Safety of 1-Butyl-4-methylpyridin-1-ium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ortho amino cyano aromatic compounds as precursor for the synthesis of some novel heterocyclic compounds was written by Rao, V. S.;Gupta, S. V. S. Arun Kumar;Reddy, B. S.. And the article was included in Heterocyclic Communications in 1999.Related Products of 823-61-0 This article mentions the following:

Pyrimidin-4(1H)-ones from 2-amino-3-cyano aromatic compounds were prepared in the presence of formic acid under strong acid catalyst. The intermediates and the final products structures were confirmed by spectral and elemental data. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine (cas: 823-61-0Related Products of 823-61-0).

3,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine (cas: 823-61-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Related Products of 823-61-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Practical and rapid construction of 2-pyridyl ketone library in continuous flow was written by Sun, Maolin;Li, Jianchang;Liang, Chaoming;Shan, Chao;Shen, Xinyuan;Cheng, Ruihua;Ma, Yueyue;Ye, Jinxing. And the article was included in Journal of Flow Chemistry in 2021.SDS of cas: 91-02-1 This article mentions the following:

Herein, a practical method for the rapid synthesis of 2-pyridyl ketone ArC(O)R [Ar = 2-pyridyl; R = Me, Ph, Bn, etc.] library in continuous flow was reported, in which the 2-lithiopyridine formed by Br/Li exchange reacts with com. available esters to obtain 2-pyridyl ketones ArC(O)R in a good yield at short reaction time. This protocol functions broadly on a variety of esters and had been applied to the synthesis of TGF-β type 1 receptor inhibitor LY580276 intermediate ArC(O)R [Ar = 6-methyl-2-pyridyl; R = (4-fluorophenyl)methyl] in an environmentally friendly method. It was rapid, reliable, and cost-efficient to afford diverse kinds of 2-pyridyl ketones ArC(O)R in the compound library. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1SDS of cas: 91-02-1).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. SDS of cas: 91-02-1

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Diastereoselective Cyclization of 1,5-Dienes with the C-H Bond of Pyridine Catalyzed by a Cationic Mono(phosphinoamide) Alkyl Scandium Complex was written by Chen, Yanhui;Song, Di;Li, Jing;Hu, Xiaoyan;Bi, Xianjia;Jiang, Tao;Hou, Zhaomin. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2018.Name: 2-Isopropylpyridine This article mentions the following:

Novel rare-earth dialkyl complexes bearing a phosphinoamide anion and demonstrate that the combination of a mono(phosphinoamido)-ligated scandium dialkyl complex with B(C₆F₅)₃ results in an excellent catalyst for the cis-selective cyclization of 1,5-dienes with the ortho-C(sp²)-H bond of pyridines to afford a new family of pyridyl-functionalized 1,3-disubstituted cyclopentane derivatives containing monocyclic, bicyclic, spirocyclic, and heterocyclic skeletons in moderate to excellent yields with high diastereoselectivities (cis/trans up to 99:1). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Name: 2-Isopropylpyridine).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Name: 2-Isopropylpyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Derivatives of pyridine and quinoline. LXXII. Reactivity of bromine atoms in brominated pyridines. Action of sodium phenate on 2,4,6-tribromopyridine was written by den Hertog, H. J.;de Jonge, A. P.. And the article was included in Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas et de la Belgique in 1948.COA of Formula: C11H9NO This article mentions the following:

VI (3 g.), 0.25 g. Na, and 20 g. PhOH are heated 24 hrs. in a sealed tube at 145-50°, and the contents of 3 tubes poured into 300 cc. 15% NaOH and extracted with Et₂O. Washing (NaOH) and drying (Na₂SO₄) the Et₂O give 0.7 g. mainly VI, b_0.7 110-25°; 0.9 g., b_0.9 135-45°, which, washed with alc., gives 0.5 g. undissolved VI and 2,4-dibromo-6-phenoxypyridine (X), m. 41.5-2.5°, by evaporating the filtrate; 4.5 g. X, b₁ 153-61°, m. 37-41°; and a 4th fraction, b_1.4 165-85°, which, washed with alc., gives a residue of 4-bromo-2,6-diphenoxypyridine (XI), m. 88-92°. VI (2 g.), 0.3 g. Na, and 20 g. PhOH, heated in a sealed tube 24 hrs. at 195° and poured into aqueous NaOH, give 1.3 g. (60%) XI, m. 93-4°. Similarly, 2 g. 2-bromopyridine, 0.5 g. Na, and 12 g. PhOH give 1.4 g. (70%) 2-phenoxypyridine (XII), m. 42-4° [XII and alc. picric acid give the picrate, m. 104.5-5.5° (from BuOH)]. 2,6-Dibromopyridine (XIII) (1 g.), 0.2 g. Na, and 12 g. PhOH give 1 g. crude 2,6-diphenoxypyridine (XIV), m. 60-1° after sublimation in vacuo; 1 g. 2,4-dibromopyridine, 0.5 g. Na, and 20 g. PhOH give 95-100% 2,4-diphenoxypyridine (XV), m. 87.5-8.5° (picrate, m. 140-1°, from picric acid-BuOH); and 1 g. VI, 1 g. Na, and 20 g. PhOH (36 hrs.) give 2,4,6-triphenoxypyridine (XVI), m. 79-9.5°. X (0.66 g.), 0.2 g. NaOH in alc., and 0.15 g. PdCl₂ absorb the calculated amount H in 20 min.; evaporation of the filtered solution gives, on pouring the residue into H₂O and ice-cooling, XII, m. 37-40°. VI (9 g.), 2.7 g. PhOH, 1.2 g. NaOH, and 9 cc. H₂O, heated 24 hrs. at 150° in a sealed tube, and the lower layer made strongly alk. and extracted with Et₂O, give, on drying and distilling the Et₂O, 2.2 g. VI, b_0.7 130°, and 3.5 g. semisolid, b_1.5 140-65°, which, filtered through a glass filter, gives 1.2 g. 2,6-dibromo-4-phenoxypyridine (XVII), m. 84.5-5.5°; the filtrate, cooled and filtered, gives 1.3 g. crude X, m. 33-8°. Hydrogenation of XVII as described above and petr. ether-extraction of the aqueous NaOH-diluted residue gives 4-phenoxypyridine, m. 40-3°, identical with that (m. 45.5-6.5°) prepared according to Königs and Greiner (C.A. 25, 3998); picrate, m. 171.5-2° (from alc., then BuOH). Hydrogenation of XI gives XIV, m. 59.5-61°. XIII (4 g.) and 15 cc. 40% aqueous PhONa, heated in a sealed tube 10 hrs. at 150°, give, after recrystallization from 50% alc., then petr. ether, 75-80% 2-bromo-6-phenoxypyridine, m. 86.5-7.5°. XVII (0.8 g.), 0.055 g. Na, and 15 g. PhOH (sealed tube, 195°, 24 hrs.) give, on extracting the basified mixture with Et₂O and evaporating the Et₂O, a semisolid which, filtered, gives 2-bromo-4,6-diphenoxypyridine (XVIII), m. 87-8°. Hydrogenation of XVIII gives, on evaporating the filtered solution, basifying the residue, extracting with Et₂O, distilling the Et₂O, and treating the residue in BuOH with picric acid-BuOH, the picrate, m. 141-2°, of XV. X, XI, XII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, and XVIII are recrystallized from petr. ether. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0COA of Formula: C11H9NO).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.COA of Formula: C11H9NO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of 4-(5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyridines was written by Navarrete-Vazquez, Gabriel;Molina-Salinas, Gloria Maria;Duarte-Fajardo, Zetel Vahi;Vargas-Villarreal, Javier;Estrada-Soto, Samuel;Gonzalez-Salazar, Francisco;Hernandez-Nunez, Emanuel;Said-Fernandez, Salvador. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2007.Electric Literature of C12H8N4O This article mentions the following:

Twelve 4-(5-Substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyridine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity. Some compounds showed an interesting activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H₃₇Rv and five clin. isolates (drug-sensitive and -resistant strains). 4-(5-Pentadecyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyridine was 10 times more active than isoniazid, 20 times more active than streptomycin, and 28 times more potent than ethambutol against drug-resistant strain CIBIN 112. 4-(5-Heptadecyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyridine showed the same behavior as 4-(5-pentadecyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyridine. Both of the above structures bear a high lipophilic chain bonded to the 5-position of the oxadiazole moiety. This fact implies that there exists a contribution of lipophilicity, which could facilitate the entrance of these mols. through lipid-enriched bacterial cell membrane. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7Electric Literature of C12H8N4O).

2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of âˆ?8.7 × 10âˆ? cm3·molâˆ?.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·molâˆ? in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·molâˆ? in the gas phase. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Electric Literature of C12H8N4O

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Dual Photoredox/Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Acylation of 2-Arylpyridines with Oxime Esters was written by He, Bin-Qing;Gao, Yuan;Wang, Peng-Zi;Wu, Hong;Zhou, Hong-Bin;Liu, Xiao-Peng;Chen, Jia-Rong. And the article was included in Synlett in 2021.Electric Literature of C12H11N This article mentions the following:

An unprecedented dual photoredox/palladium-catalyzed iminyl-radical-mediated C-C bond cleavage and directed orthoC-H acylation of 2-arylpyridines by using oxime esters was described. Oxime esters was serve as efficient acyl sources through formation of the corresponding acyl radicals by photoredox-catalyzed iminyl-radical-mediated C-C bond cleavage. This redox-neutral protocol features excellent regioselectivity, a broad substrate scope, and good functional-group tolerance with respect to both components, giving a broad range of aryl ketones with generally good yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9Electric Literature of C12H11N).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Electric Literature of C12H11N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem