Day: January 5, 2023

A priori prediction of the octanol-water partition coefficient (K_ow) of ionic liquids was written by Lee, Bong-Seop;Lin, Shiang-Tai. And the article was included in Fluid Phase Equilibria in 2014.Reference of 125652-55-3 This article mentions the following:

The octanol-water partition coefficient (K_ow) of ionic liquids (ILs) is an important indicator for its toxicity and environment impact. In this work, the K_ow is determined from the ratio of infinite dilution activity coefficient of IL in the water-rich and octanol-rich phases. In particular, the Pitzer-Debye-Hueckel (PDH) model combined with the predictive COSMO-SAC model is used for calculating the activity coefficients A root-mean square deviation of 0.75 is achieved for log K_ow, or a factor of 4 in K_ow, for a total of 67 ILs at ambient condition. The long-range coulomb interactions (from the DH model) contribute an almost constant value of -1.35 to log K_ow, regardless of the type of IL. The change of log K_ow with the mol. structure of IL is found to be dominated by the short-range attractive interactions between the IL and the solvents, including the hydrogen bonding and nonhydrogen bonding surface interactions. The combination of PDH and COSMO-SAC models provides not only the quant. predictions of K_ow of ILs and but also phys. insights to the relations between K_ow and the mol. structure of ILs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3Reference of 125652-55-3).

1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Reference of 125652-55-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Silylcarboxylic Acids as Bifunctional Reagents: Application in Palladium-Catalyzed External-CO-Free Carbonylative Cross-Coupling Reactions was written by Li, Xiong;Xu, Jie;Li, Yue;Kramer, Soeren;Skrydstrup, Troels;Lian, Zhong. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 91-02-1 This article mentions the following:

A palladium-catalyzed external-CO-free carbonylative Hiyama-Denmark cross-coupling reaction is presented. The introduction of silylcarboxylic acids I (R = 4-Me, 3-Me, 2-Me, 4-tert-butyl) as bifunctional reagents (CO and nucleophile source) avoids the need for external gaseous CO and a silylarene coupling partner. The transformation features high functional group tolerance and it is successful with electron-rich, -neutral, and -poor aryl iodides ArI (Ar = 4-methoxyphenyl, naphthalen-1-yl, thiophen-3-yl, etc.). Stoichiometric studies and control experiments provide insight into the reaction mechanism and support the hypothesized dual role of silylcarboxylic acids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1HPLC of Formula: 91-02-1).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.HPLC of Formula: 91-02-1

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Design, Synthesis, and Fungicidal Activities of Novel Piperidyl Thiazole Derivatives Containing Oxime Ether or Oxime Ester Moieties was written by Bian, Qiang;Zhao, Rui-Qi;Peng, Xing-Jie;Gao, Li-Jie;Zhou, Guo-Na;Yu, Shu-Jing;Zhao, Wei-Guang. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2021.Synthetic Route of C11H20N2O2S This article mentions the following:

To explore the influence of the positions of the two nitrogen atoms on the thiazole ring and the isoxazoline ring on the activity, a series of novel piperidyl thiazole derivatives containing oxime ether and oxime ester moieties with two nitrogen atoms on the same or opposite sides have been designed, synthesized, and first evaluated for their fungicidal activities against Phytophthora capsiciin vitro. The bioassay results showed that the target compounds possessed moderate to good fungicidal activities against P. capsici, among which oxime ether compound I shows the highest fungicidal activity in vitro (EC₅₀ = 0.0104μg/mL) which is higher than dimethomorph (EC₅₀ = 0.1148μg/mL) and diacetylenyl amide (EC₅₀ = 0.040μg/mL). Compared with oxime ether compounds (the two nitrogen atoms are on the opposite sides), the activities of oxime ester compounds were significantly reduced. It is different from the com. fungicide fluoxapiprolin, and the activities of the compounds with the two nitrogen atoms on the same side were significantly reduced compared to the compounds with the two nitrogen atoms on the opposite sides. Moreover, some compounds showed moderate to good antifungal activities in vivo against Phytophthora capsici, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, and Phytophthora infestans. SEM of compound I on the hyphae morphol. showed that compound I might cause mycelial abnormalities of P. capsici. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate (cas: 214834-18-1Synthetic Route of C11H20N2O2S).

tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate (cas: 214834-18-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Synthetic Route of C11H20N2O2S

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

¹³C NMR spectra of 2,4-dihalopicolines and their N-oxides and IR spectra of 2-halopicoline N-oxides, 2,4-dihalopicoline N-oxides and 2-halo-4-nitropicoline N-oxides was written by Puszko, A.. And the article was included in Polish Journal of Chemistry in 1992.Formula: C6H5Br2N This article mentions the following:

The ¹³C NMR and IR spectra of the title compounds were recorded and their spectral parameters assigned. The influence of electronic properties of the substituents on the direction of chem. shifts and ν_N-O values is discussed. The ratio between a substituted heterocyclic compound and its parent and the identically substituted benzene derivatives has been determined In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,4-Dibromo-5-methylpyridine (cas: 79055-50-8Formula: C6H5Br2N).

2,4-Dibromo-5-methylpyridine (cas: 79055-50-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Formula: C6H5Br2N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

¹⁹F- and ¹⁸F-arene deoxyfluorination via organic photoredox-catalysed polarity-reversed nucleophilic aromatic substitution was written by Tay, Nicholas E. S.;Chen, Wei;Levens, Alison;Pistritto, Vincent A.;Huang, Zeng;Wu, Zhanhong;Li, Zibo;Nicewicz, David A.. And the article was included in Nature Catalysis in 2020.Recommanded Product: 51834-97-0 This article mentions the following:

Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S_NAr) is routinely used to install ¹⁹F- and ¹⁸F- in aromatic mols., but it is typically limited to electron-deficient arenes due to kinetic barriers associated with C-F bond formation. A polarity-reversed photoredox-catalyzed arene deoxyfluorination that operates via cation-radical-accelerated S_NAr enables the fluorination of electron-rich arenes 4-ClC₆H₄OR (R = 4-phenylphenyl, 3-methoxypyridin-2-yl, 2,4-bis(tert-butoxy)pyrimidin-5-yl, 4-[(2S)-2-([(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino)-3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl]benzen-1-yl, etc.) with ¹⁹F- and ¹⁸F- under mild conditions, and thus complements the traditional arene polarity requirements necessary for S_NAr-based fluorination. The utility of radiofluorination strategy is highlighted by short reaction times, compatibility with multiple nucleofuges and high radiofluorination yields ¹⁸FR, especially that of an important cancer positron emission tomog. agent [¹⁸F]5-fluorouracil. Taken together, fluorination approach enables the development of fluorinated ¹⁹FR and radiofluorinated compounds ¹⁸FR that can be difficult to access by classical S_NAr strategies, with the potential for use in the synthesis and discovery of positron emission tomog. radiopharmaceuticals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hydroxy-2-methoxylpyridine (cas: 51834-97-0Recommanded Product: 51834-97-0).

5-Hydroxy-2-methoxylpyridine (cas: 51834-97-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Recommanded Product: 51834-97-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Generating Multibillion Chemical Space of Readily Accessible Screening Compounds was written by Grygorenko, Oleksandr O.;Radchenko, Dmytro S.;Dziuba, Igor;Chuprina, Alexander;Gubina, Kateryna E.;Moroz, Yurii S.. And the article was included in iScience in 2020.Computed Properties of C7H7NO3 This article mentions the following:

An approach to the generation of ultra-large chem. libraries of readily accessible (‘REAL’) compounds is described. The strategy is based on the use of two- or three-step three-component reaction sequences and available starting materials with pre-validated chem. reactivity. After the preliminary parallel experiments, the methods with at least ~80% synthesis success rate (such as acylation – deprotection – acylation of monoprotected diamines e.g., 1-boc-amino-butyl-3-amine or amide formation e.g., N-(9-acetyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide – click reaction with functionalized azides e.g., 3-(azidomethyl)-piperidine) can be selected and used to generate the target chem. space. It is shown that by using only on the two aforementioned reaction sequences, a nearly 29-billion compound library is easily obtained. According to the predicted physico-chem. descriptor values, the generated chem. space contains large fractions of both drug-like and ‘beyond rule-of-five’ members, whereas the strictest lead-likeness criteria (the so-called Churcher’s rules) are met by the lesser part, which still exceeds 22 million. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 59864-31-2Computed Properties of C7H7NO3).

1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 59864-31-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Computed Properties of C7H7NO3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Nickel-Catalyzed Formal Aminocarbonylation of Unactivated Alkyl Iodides with Isocyanides was written by Huang, Wenyi;Wang, Yun;Weng, Yangyang;Shrestha, Mohini;Qu, Jingping;Chen, Yifeng. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Safety of tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

Herein, disclosed a Ni-catalyzed formal aminocarbonylation of primary and secondary unactivated aliphatic iodides with isocyanides to afford alkyl amide, e.g., I, which proceeded via the selective monomigratory insertion of isocyanides with alkyl iodides, subsequent β-hydride elimination, and hydrolysis process. The reaction featured wide functional group tolerance under mild conditions. Addnl., the selective, one-pot hydrolysis of reaction mixture under acid conditions allowed for expedient synthesis of the corresponding alkyl carboxylic acid. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate (cas: 85838-94-4Safety of tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate).

tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate (cas: 85838-94-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Safety of tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Developing Comprehensive Computational Parameter Sets To Describe the Performance of Pyridine-Oxazoline and Related Ligands was written by Guo, Jing-Yao;Minko, Yury;Santiago, Celine B.;Sigman, Matthew S.. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2017.Application In Synthesis of (S)-4-(tert-Butyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole This article mentions the following:

The applicability of computational descriptors extracted from metal pyridine-oxazoline complexes to relate both site and enantioselectivity to structural diversity was investigated. A group of computationally derived features (e.g., metal NBO charges, steric descriptors, torsion angles) were acquired for a library of pyridine-oxazoline ligands. Correlation studies were employed to examine steric/electronic features described by each descriptor, followed by application of the said descriptors in modeling the results of two reaction types, the site-selective redox-relay Heck reaction and the enantioselective Carroll rearrangement, affording simple, well-validated models. Through exptl. validation and extrapolation, parameters derived from ground state metal complexes were found to be advantageous over those from the free ligand. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-4-(tert-Butyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole (cas: 1257527-14-2Application In Synthesis of (S)-4-(tert-Butyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole).

(S)-4-(tert-Butyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole (cas: 1257527-14-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Application In Synthesis of (S)-4-(tert-Butyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Aerobic Pd-Catalyzed sp³ C-H Olefination: A Route to Both N-Heterocyclic Scaffolds and Alkenes was written by Stowers, Kara J.;Fortner, Kevin C.;Sanford, Melanie S.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2011.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

This communication describes a new method for the Pd/polyoxometalate-catalyzed aerobic olefination of unactivated sp³ C-H bonds. Nitrogen heterocycles, particularly pyridines, serve as directing groups, and air is used as the terminal oxidant. The products undergo reversible intramol. Michael addition, which protects the monoalkenylated product from overfunctionalization. Hydrogenation of the Michael adducts provides access to bicyclic nitrogen-containing scaffolds that are prevalent in alkaloid natural products. Addnl., the cationic Michael adducts undergo facile elimination to release α,β-unsaturated olefins, which can be further elaborated via C-C and C-heteroatom bond-forming reactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Category: pyridine-derivatives).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Electrochemical studies and semiempirical calculations on π-conjugated dienones and heterocyclic nitrogen containing donor ligand molecules was written by Vatsadze, S.;Al-Anber, M.;Thiel, W. R.;Lang, H.;Holze, R.. And the article was included in Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry in 2005.Safety of 2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole This article mentions the following:

Reduction potentials for the first electron transfer to a broad selection of nitrogen containing bi- and polydentate mols. considered as potential ligands have been determined Results are compared with data obtained with semiempirical and UV-Vis spectroscopic data. Close correlations for the investigated mols. are observed Systematic differences in properties of mols. with and without the keto moiety can be explained by invoking MO and surface interaction arguments. Similar structural arguments can be used to explain the behavior of 2,4,6-tripyridin-2-yl[1,3,5]triazine. UV-Vis data match closely those derived from HOMO-LUMO calculations for these mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7Safety of 2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole).

2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (cas: 15420-02-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Safety of 2,5-Di(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem