Month: January 2023

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Part 3: Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of dual PDE3/4-inhibitory fused bicyclic heteroaromatic-dihydropyridazinones with anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory activity was written by Ochiai, Koji;Takita, Satoshi;Eiraku, Tomohiko;Kojima, Akihiko;Iwase, Kazuhiko;Kishi, Tetsuya;Fukuchi, Kazunori;Yasue, Tokutaro;Adams, David R.;Allcock, Robert W.;Jiang, Zhong;Kohno, Yasushi. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2012.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

(-)-6-(7-Methoxy-2-trifluoromethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-4-yl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydro-3-(2H)-pyridazinone (KCA-1490) is a dual PDE3/4 inhibitor that exhibits potent combined bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory activity. A survey of potential bicyclic heteroaromatic replacement subunits for the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine core of KCA-1490 has identified the 4-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[d]thiazol-7-yl and 8-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-5-yl analogs as dual PDE3/4-inhibitory compounds that potently suppress histamine-induced bronchoconstriction and exhibit anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine (cas: 15128-90-2Category: pyridine-derivatives).

3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine (cas: 15128-90-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Stereospecific vicinal oxyamination of N-substituted 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines and 1,2-dihydropyridines by N-chloro-N-metallocarbamates was written by Dubey, Sushil K.;Knaus, Edward E.. And the article was included in Canadian Journal of Chemistry in 1983.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

The vicinal oxyamination of 1-substituted 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines (I; R = PhCO, PhSO₂, Me₃COCO, MeOCO, MeCO, PhCH₂) affords a mixture of the regioisomeric cis-hydroxycarbamates (II and III). The tert-butoxycarbonylamino and hydroxyl substituents for II and III assume the equatorial and axial orientations resp., irresp. of the substituent position. Acid hydrolysis of II– and III (R = PhCO) affords the cis-amino alcs. IV and V. The regiospecific oxyamination of 1-methyoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydropyridine occurs at the 5,6-olefenic bond to yield the hydroxycarbamates VI and VII. Reduction of VI and VII with palladium on charcoal affords the same vicinal hydroxy and methoxycarbamates (VIII–XI) which may arise via an aziridine intermediate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate (cas: 85838-94-4Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate).

tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate (cas: 85838-94-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of âˆ?8.7 × 10âˆ? cm3·molâˆ?.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·molâˆ? in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·molâˆ? in the gas phase. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Aminoalkoxide-Mediated Formation and Stabilization of Phenylpyridyllithium: Straightforward Access to Phenylpyridine Derivatives was written by Gros, Philippe;Fort, Yves. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2003.Formula: C11H8BrN This article mentions the following:

This work has revealed that lithium aggregates promoted the efficient metalation of phenylpyridines and stabilization of phenylpyridyllithium. The BuLi-LiDMAE superbase prevented dimerization or nucleophilic addition encountered with t-BuLi or n-BuLi. The reported selective pyridine ring lithiation of 2-, 3-, and 4-phenylpyridine α to nitrogen opens a straightforward access to their derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-phenylpyridine (cas: 54151-74-5Formula: C11H8BrN).

2-Bromo-4-phenylpyridine (cas: 54151-74-5) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Formula: C11H8BrN

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Incorporation of Hydrogen-Bonding Functionalities into the Second Coordination Sphere of Iron-Based Water-Oxidation Catalysts was written by Hoffert, Wesley A.;Mock, Michael T.;Appel, Aaron M.;Yang, Jenny Y.. And the article was included in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2013.Recommanded Product: 315180-16-6 This article mentions the following:

Energy storage and conversion schemes based on environmentally benign chem. fuels will require the discovery of faster, cheaper, and more robust catalysts for the oxygen-evolution reaction (OER). Although the incorporation of pendant bases into mol. catalysts for hydrogen production and use led to enhanced turnover frequencies, the analogous incorporation of pendant bases into mol. catalysts for water oxidation has received little attention. Herein, the syntheses, structures, and catalytic activities of new iron complexes with pendant bases are reported. Of these new complexes, [Fe(L¹)]²⁺ {L¹ = N,N’-dimethyl-N,N’-bis(pyridazin-3-ylmethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine} is the most active catalyst. Initial turnover frequencies of 141 and 24 h^-1 were measured by using ceric ammonium nitrate at pH 0.7 and sodium periodate at pH 4.7, resp. These results suggest that the incorporation of pendant bases into mol. catalysts for water oxidation might be an effective strategy that can be considered in the development of new catalysts for the OER, but will require the careful balance of many factors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Chloromethyl)-6-fluoropyridine (cas: 315180-16-6Recommanded Product: 315180-16-6).

2-(Chloromethyl)-6-fluoropyridine (cas: 315180-16-6) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Recommanded Product: 315180-16-6

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Reducing plant uptake of PAHs by cationic surfactant-enhanced soil retention was written by Lu, Li;Zhu, Lizhong. And the article was included in Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2009.COA of Formula: C17H30BrN This article mentions the following:

Reducing the transfer of contaminants from soils to plants is a promising approach to produce safe agricultural products grown on contaminated soils. In this study, 0-400 mg/kg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) and dodecylpyridinium bromide (DDPB) were sep. utilized to enhance the sorption of PAHs onto soils, thereby reducing the transfer of PAHs from soil to soil solution and subsequently to plants. Concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene in vegetables grown in contaminated soils treated with the cationic surfactants were lower than those grown in the surfactant-free control. The maximum reductions of phenanthrene and pyrene were 66% and 51% for chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium L.), 62% and 71% for cabbage (Brassica campestris L.), and 34% and 53% for lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), resp. Considering the impacts of cationic surfactants on plant growth and soil microbial activity, CTMAB was more appropriate to employ, and the most ED was 100-200 mg/kg. Cationic surfactants could enhance the retention of PAHs in soil, and reduce PAH transfer to and accumulation in vegetables. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4COA of Formula: C17H30BrN).

1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.COA of Formula: C17H30BrN

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Visible-Light-Induced Decarboxylative Acylation of Pyridine N-Oxides with α-Oxocarboxylic Acids Using Fluorescein Dimethylammonium as a Photocatalyst was written by Hou, Chuanfu;Sun, Shouneng;Liu, Ziqi;Zhang, Hui;Liu, Yue;An, Qi;Zhao, Jian;Ma, Junjie;Sun, Zhizhong;Chu, Wenyi. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2021.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

The development of a visible-light-induced catalytic system achieved the decarboxylative acylation of pyridine N-oxides with α-oxocarboxylic acids, at room temperature and using the organic dye fluorescein dimethylammonium as a new type of photocatalyst was reported. A series of 2-arylacylpyridine N-oxides were selectively synthesized in moderate to good yields by controlling the polarity of the reaction solvent. The developed strategy was successfully applied in the synthesis of an important intermediate of the drug, acrivastine, on a gram scale. Notably, this is the first time that fluorescein dimethylammonium was used to catalyzed the Minisci-type C-H decarboxylative acylation reaction. The mechanism of decarboxylative acylation was studied by capturing adducts of acyl radicals and 1,1-diphenylethylene confirmed a radical mechanism. The disclosed catalytic system provided a green synthetic strategy for decarboxylative acylation without the use of addnl. oxidants or metal catalysts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1Category: pyridine-derivatives).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Salen-based hypercrosslinked polymer-supported Pd as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for C-H halogenation was written by Meng, Di;Bi, Jiajun;Dong, Yahao;Hao, Bo;Qin, Kaiwei;Li, Tao;Zhu, Dajian. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020.Quality Control of 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine This article mentions the following:

The first use of a salen-based hypercrosslinked polymer-supported Pd catalyst to carry out C-H halogenation was reported. This catalyst was effectively catalyze C-H bromination and chlorination even better than its homogeneous counterpart Pd(OAc)₂. It also showed excellent reusability without loss of catalytic activity for ten cycles. A broad substrate scope was explored and moderate to excellent yields were obtained. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9Quality Control of 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Quality Control of 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Rh^III-Catalyzed C-H Activation with Pyridotriazoles: Direct Access to Fluorophores for Metal-Ion Detection was written by Kim, Ju Hyun;Gensch, Tobias;Zhao, Dongbing;Stegemann, Linda;Strassert, Cristian A.;Glorius, Frank. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2015.Recommanded Product: 917023-06-4 This article mentions the following:

The first C-H bond activation with pyridotriazoles as coupling partners is presented using a Rh^III catalyst. The pyridotriazoles can be used as new carbene precursors in C-H activation for direct access to novel fluorescent scaffolds. These tunable fluorophores can be applied for the detection of metal ions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-(5-bromopyridin-2-yl)acetate (cas: 917023-06-4Recommanded Product: 917023-06-4).

Methyl 2-(5-bromopyridin-2-yl)acetate (cas: 917023-06-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol� in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol� in benzene). Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Recommanded Product: 917023-06-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Rhodium-Catalyzed Direct C-H Bond Cyanation in Ionic Liquids was written by Lv, Songyang;Li, Yaling;Yao, Tian;Yu, Xinling;Zhang, Chen;Hai, Li;Wu, Yong. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2018.Synthetic Route of C12H11N This article mentions the following:

A Cp*Rh(III)/IL-based direct C-H bond cyanation system was developed for the first time. The system is a mild, efficient, and recyclable method for the synthesis of aryl nitriles. Many different directing groups can be used in this cyanation, and the reaction tolerates a variety of functional groups. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9Synthetic Route of C12H11N).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Synthetic Route of C12H11N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Aminomethylation Reaction of ortho-Pyridyl C-H Bonds Catalyzed by Group 3 Metal Triamido Complexes was written by Nagae, Haruki;Shibata, Yu;Tsurugi, Hayato;Mashima, Kazushi. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2015.Reference of 644-98-4 This article mentions the following:

Tris[N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)amido] complexes of group 3 metals, especially yttrium and gadolinium, served as catalysts for ortho-C-H bond addition of pyridine derivatives and N-heteroaromatics into the C=N double bond of nonactivated imines to afford the corresponding aminomethylated products. Addition of catalytic amounts of secondary amines, such as dibenzylamine, dramatically improved the catalytic activity through the formation of a mixed ligated complex such as [(Me₃Si)₂N]₂Y(NBn₂)(THF) (4). Furthermore, kinetic studies using the isolated complex 4 provided a plausible reaction mechanism by which coordination of two pyridine derivatives afforded a penta-coordinated species as a key step. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Reference of 644-98-4).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Reference of 644-98-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem