Month: January 2023

Cambiarenes: Single-Step Synthesis and Selective Zwitterion Binding of a Clip-Shaped Macrocycle with a Redox-Active Core was written by Petersen, Riley J.;Rozeboom, Brett J.;Oburn, Shalisa M.;Blythe, Nolan J.;Rathje, Tanner L.;Luna, Javier A.;Kibby, Steven K.;O’Brien, Emily A.;Rohr, Kayleigh G.;Carpenter, Joshua R.;Sanders, Taylor L.;Johnson, Andrew M.;Hutchins, Kristin M.;Shaw, Scott K.;MacGillivray, Leonard R.;Wackerly, Jay Wm.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 2-Isopropylpyridine This article mentions the following:

A novel macrocyclic host mol. was synthesized that forms in a single step from com. available starting materials. The core of the macrocycle backbone possesses two quinone rings and, thus, it is redox-active. Host-guest binding involving the clip-shaped cavity indicates selective binding of pyridine N-oxides based on the electron d. of and steric bulk around the anionic oxygen. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Application In Synthesis of 2-Isopropylpyridine).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Application In Synthesis of 2-Isopropylpyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Discovery of GBT440, an Orally Bioavailable R-State Stabilizer of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin was written by Metcalf, Brian;Chuang, Chihyuan;Dufu, Kobina;Patel, Mira P.;Silva-Garcia, Abel;Johnson, Carl;Lu, Qing;Partridge, James R.;Patskovska, Larysa;Patskovsky, Yury;Almo, Steven C.;Jacobson, Matthew P.;Hua, Lan;Xu, Qing;Gwaltney, Stephen L.;Yee, Calvin;Harris, Jason;Morgan, Bradley P.;James, Joyce;Xu, Donghong;Hutchaleelaha, Athiwat;Paulvannan, Kumar;Oksenberg, Donna;Li, Zhe. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2017.Quality Control of 3,5-Dimethoxyisonicotinaldehyde This article mentions the following:

The authors report the discovery of a new potent allosteric effector of sickle cell Hb, GBT440 I, that increases the affinity of Hb for oxygen and consequently inhibits its polymerization when subjected to hypoxic conditions. Unlike earlier allosteric activators that bind covalently to Hb in a 2:1 stoichiometry, I binds with a 1:1 stoichiometry. Compound I is orally bioavailable and partitions highly and favorably into the red blood cell with a RBC/plasma ratio of �50. This partitioning onto the target protein is anticipated to allow therapeutic concentrations to be achieved in the red blood cell at low plasma concentrations I is in Phase 2 clin. trials for the treatment of sickle cell disease (NCT02285088). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dimethoxyisonicotinaldehyde (cas: 204862-70-4Quality Control of 3,5-Dimethoxyisonicotinaldehyde).

3,5-Dimethoxyisonicotinaldehyde (cas: 204862-70-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol� in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol� in benzene). Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Quality Control of 3,5-Dimethoxyisonicotinaldehyde

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Arylation of Adamantanamines: X. Palladium- and Copper-Catalyzed Heteroarylation of Adamantane-Containing Amines with Bromopyridines was written by Lyakhovich, M. S.;Murashkina, A. V.;Averin, A. D.;Abel, A. S.;Maloshitskaya, O. A.;Savelyev, E. N.;Orlinson, B. S.;Beletskaya, I. P.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2019.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

The catalytic efficiencies of palladium(0) and copper(I) complexes in the amination of 2-bromopyridine and its fluorine-containing derivatives with (1-adamantyl)methanamine and 2-(1-adamantyloxy)ethanamine were compared. Both types of catalytic systems were shown to be applicable for the preparation of the corresponding N-pyridyl derivatives I (R = H, 3-F, 5-F, 3-CF₃, 4-CF₃, 5-CF₃, 6-CF₃; X = -OCH₂CH₂-, -CH₂-; R¹ = H, 2-pyridyl, 3-F-2-pyridyl, 3-CF₃-2-pyridyl, 5-CF₃-2-pyridyl, etc.) from 3- and 5-fluoro- and 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-trifluoromethyl-2-bromopyridines. DavePhos was found to be the most efficient ligand in the Pd(0)-catalyzed reactions; however, the reactions with 2-bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine and 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine were accompanied by formation of a considerable amount of the diarylation product. The diarylation process was significantly suppressed in the presence of copper(I) complexes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (cas: 175205-82-0Category: pyridine-derivatives).

2-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (cas: 175205-82-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Structure-Activity Relationship and Biological Investigation of SR18292 (16), a Suppressor of Glucagon-Induced Glucose Production was written by Lin, Hua;Sharabi, Kfir;Lin, Li;Ruiz, Claudia;Zhu, Di;Cameron, Michael D.;Novick, Scott J.;Griffin, Patrick R.;Puigserver, Pere;Kamenecka, Theodore M.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Product Details of 626-64-2 This article mentions the following:

Despite a myriad of available pharmacotherapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D), challenges still exist in achieving glycemic control. Several novel glucose-lowering strategies are currently under clin. investigation, highlighting the need for more robust treatments. Previously, we have shown that suppressing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha activity with a small mol. (SR18292, 16) can reduce glucose release from hepatocytes and ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic mouse models. Despite structural similarities in 16 to known β-blockers, detailed structure-activity relationship studies described herein have led to the identification of analogs lacking β-adrenergic activity that still maintain the ability to suppress glucagon-induced glucose release from hepatocytes and ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic mouse models. Hence, these compounds exert their biol. effects in a mechanism that does not include adrenergic signaling. These probe mols. may lead to a new therapeutic approach to treat T2D either as a single agent or in combination therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2Product Details of 626-64-2).

Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Product Details of 626-64-2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Design and biological evaluation of tetrahydropyridine derivatives as novel human GPR119 agonists was written by Zuo, Zeping;Chen, Miaomiao;Shao, Xiaoni;Qian, Xinying;Liu, Xiaocong;Zhou, Xia;Xiang, Jiawei;Deng, Pengchi;Li, Yan;Jie, Hui;Liu, Chunqi;Cen, Xiaobo;Xie, Yongmei;Zhao, Yinglan. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2020.Quality Control of tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

A series of novel tetrahydropyridine derivatives were prepared and evaluated using cell-based measurements. Systematic optimization of general structure G-1 led to the identification of compound 4-((4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)phenoxy)methyl)-2-(1-(5-ethylpyrimidin-2-yl)1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)thiazole (EC₅₀ = 4.9 nM) and 2-(1-(5-ethylpyrimidin-2-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-4-((2-fluoro-4(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)phenoxy)methyl)thiazole (EC₅₀ = 8.8 nM) with high GPR119 agonism activity and moderate clog P. Through single and long-term pharmacodynamic experiments, compound 4-((4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)phenoxy)methyl)-2-(1-(5-ethylpyrimidin-2-yl)1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)thiazole showed a hypoglycemic effect and may have an effect on improving basal metabolic rate in DIO mice. Both in vitro and in vivo tests indicated that compound 4-((4-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)phenoxy)methyl)-2-(1-(5-ethylpyrimidin-2-yl)1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)thiazole was a potential potent GPR119 agonist in allusion to T2DM treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate (cas: 214834-18-1Quality Control of tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate).

tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate (cas: 214834-18-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Quality Control of tert-Butyl 4-carbamothioylpiperidine-1-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Biofilm-specific uptake of a 4-pyridone-based iron chelator by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was written by Houshmandyar, Sharareh;Eggleston, Ian M.;Bolhuis, Albert. And the article was included in BioMetals in 2021.Related Products of 626-64-2 This article mentions the following:

Iron is an essential nutrient for virtually all microbes and limiting the concentration of available iron is a potential strategy to be used as an alternative to antibiotic treatment. In this study we analyzed the antimicrobial activity of two chelators, specifically 3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-4(1H)-pyridone (deferiprone, DFP), which is clin. approved for the treatment of iron overload disorders, and its 1,2-di-Et homolog, CP94. Both compounds showed moderate activity toward planktonically growing P. aeruginosa cells, and the mechanism of action of these chelators was indeed by limiting the amount of free iron. Surprisingly, the compounds behaved very differently when the cells were grown in biofilms. DFP also showed inhibitory effects on biofilm formation but in contrast, CP94 stimulated this process, in particular at high concentrations We hypothesised that CP94 behaves as an iron carrier, which was confirmed by our observation that it had antimicrobial synergy with the toxic metals, gallium and copper. This suggests that P. aeruginosa produces a biofilm-specific transport protein that recognizes CP94 but not the closely related compound DFP. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2Related Products of 626-64-2).

Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Related Products of 626-64-2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Kinetic analyses and structure-activity relationship studies of synthetic lysine acetylation catalysts was written by Yamatsugu, Kenzo;Furuta, Masahiro;Xi, Siqi;Amamoto, Yoshifumi;Liu, Jiaan;Kawashima, Shigehiro A.;Kanai, Motomu. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.HPLC of Formula: 131747-45-0 This article mentions the following:

Lysine acylation of proteins is a crucial chem. reaction, both as a post-translational modification and as a method for bioconjugation. We previously developed a chem. catalyst, DSH, which activates a chem. stable thioester including acyl-CoA, allowing the site-selective lysine acylation of histones under physiol. conditions. However, a more active catalyst is required for efficient lysine acylation in more complex biol. milieu, such as in living cells, but there are no rational guidelines for developing efficient lysine acylation catalysts for use under physiol. conditions as opposed to in organic solvents. We, herein, conducted a kinetic anal. of the ability of DSH and several derivatives to mediate lysine acetylation to better understand the structural elements essential for high acetylation activity under physiol. conditions. Interestingly, the obtained trend in reactivity was different from that observed in organic solvents, suggesting that a different principle is necessary for designing chem. catalysts specifically for use under physiol. conditions compared to catalysts for use in organic solvents. Based on the obtained information, we identified a new catalyst scaffold (PQSH) with high activity and structural flexibility for further modification to improve this catalyst system. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Bromopyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 131747-45-0HPLC of Formula: 131747-45-0).

(4-Bromopyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 131747-45-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.HPLC of Formula: 131747-45-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Pd(II)-catalyzed o-aroylation of directing arenes using terminal aryl alkenes and alkynes was written by Khatun, Nilufa;Banerjee, Arghya;Santra, Sourav K.;Behera, Ahalya;Patel, Bhisma K.. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2014.Recommanded Product: 2-Phenoxypyridine This article mentions the following:

A substrate-directed Pd-catalyzed o-aroylation strategy was demonstrated using new aroyl surrogates viz. terminal aryl alkenes and alkynes in the presence of TBHP. By a subtle change in catalyst from Cu to Pd, a differential selectivity was observed While terminal aryl alkenes/alkynes in the presence of Cu/TBHP were reported to act as o-aryloxy (ArCOO-) sources, the use of Pd/TBHP installed an aroyl (ArCO-) group at the ortho position with respect to the directing arenes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Recommanded Product: 2-Phenoxypyridine).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Recommanded Product: 2-Phenoxypyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Capillary zone electrophoresis for surfactant analysis in aqueous media was written by Kharitonova, Tatiana;Rudnev, Alexander;Ivanova, Nina. And the article was included in Progress in Colloid & Polymer Science in 2004.Quality Control of 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide This article mentions the following:

Surfactant mixtures are commonly used in many industrial applications. At the same time, the methods for surfactant anal. are rather laborious and often do not permit the determination of the individual surfactant content in mixed solutions In the present work capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) instrumentation was applied for the quant. anal. of a cationic surfactant (dodecylpyridinium bromide) and a nonionic surfactant (Triton X-100) in aqueous solutions The linear dependence of the anal. signal (peak area) vs. the surfactant concentration was established for both surfactants over a wide concentration range. The anal. signal of an individual surfactant was found to be independent of the addition of the second surface-active component, making it possible to determine the content of surfactants from both solutions of individual surfactants and mixed solutions The CZE method was shown to be appropriate for the determination of critical micelle concentrations as the intersection point of 2 straight lines describing the dependence of anal. signal vs. surfactant concentration below and above the critical micelle concentration In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4Quality Control of 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide).

1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Quality Control of 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Thermal interaction of linoleic acid and its esters with valine was written by Henderson, S. K.;Nawar, W. W.. And the article was included in JAOCS, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. in 1981.Application In Synthesis of 4-Hexylpyridine This article mentions the following:

When linoleic acid or its esters were heated in the presence of valine, a number of products were formed. The major product was 2-pentylpyridine, which was produced by the reaction of 2,4-decadienal with ammonia. Also formed were isobutyloctanamide and isobutylinoleylamide. Addnl. products include alkylpyridines and alkylpyrrole. They can result by reaction of an aldehyde with an amine or ammonia to form a Schiff base, followed by cyclization and rearrangement to form either the pyridine ring of the pyrrole ring. In addition, a branched nitrile compound was produced which was formed by cleavage of the pyridine ring in 2-pentylpyridine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Hexylpyridine (cas: 27876-24-0Application In Synthesis of 4-Hexylpyridine).

4-Hexylpyridine (cas: 27876-24-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Application In Synthesis of 4-Hexylpyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem