Day: February 13, 2023

Study of polyelectrolyte-ionic surfactant interactions was written by Barany, Sandor;Bader, Imre;Pakhar, Tatyana. And the article was included in Magyar Kemiai Folyoirat in 2002.Quality Control of 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide This article mentions the following:

Using viscosity, elec. conductivity, light transmittance and electrophoresis methods, the interactions between cationic/anionic polyelectrolytes of different charge d. and mol. mass and ionic surfactants in aqueous and electrolyte solutions were studied. Strong interactions between components are observed due to electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged polymers and surfactants, which are manifested by a substantial reduction of solution viscosity and light transmittance as well as by a relative decease in conductivity of the systems. With increasing the surfactant content, the formed polyelectrolyte-tenside complexes precipitate and then dissolve again. For highly charged polyelectrolytes a wide destabilization zone is observed and at high surfactant concentrations only partial dissolution of insoluble complexes takes place. In this region the ratio between charges of surfactant and polyelectrolyte reaches 3-4. With increasing the C atom numbers in the surfactant mol., the concentration of the surfactant at which reduction in system viscosity and light transmittance occurs diminishes. This is an evidence of the important role of hydrophobic interactions in binding and cooperation between adsorbed surfactant mols. As a result of operation of these forces also interactions between high mol. anionic polyelectrolytes and anionic surfactants take place. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4Quality Control of 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide).

1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ璺痬ol閳? in pyridine vs. 150 kJ璺痬ol閳? in benzene). Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule 浼?helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Quality Control of 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Base-catalyzed reactions. XXXVII. Relative rates of side-chain alkenylation of 4-substituted pyridines with isoprene. Effects of the side-chain double bond on reaction rates was written by Stalick, Wayne M.;Pines, Herman. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1970.Computed Properties of C11H17N This article mentions the following:

The competitive side-chain alkenylation of various 4-alkyl- and alkenylpyridines with isoprene catalyzed by alkali metals was investigated. Examination of the alkylpyridines used in the reaction shows that steric factors are important when substitution is made on the carbon 灏?to the pyridine ring. The presence of a side-chain double bond increases the rate of alkenylation and this is ascribed to a complexation of the olefinic bond with the alkali metal catalyst. The relative increase in competitive rate varies with the catalyst used in the reaction, such that K > na > Li. The changes in reactivity that occur when using different catalysts are explained by the hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) principle. A table identifying many new 4-substituted pyridine compounds is also given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Hexylpyridine (cas: 27876-24-0Computed Properties of C11H17N).

4-Hexylpyridine (cas: 27876-24-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Computed Properties of C11H17N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Pillar[5]arene Based Pseudo[1]rotaxane Operating as Acid/Base-Controllable Two State Molecular Shuttle was written by Zhao, Qian;Chen, Yuan;Sun, Baobao;Qian, Cheng;Cheng, Ming;Jiang, Juli;Lin, Chen;Wang, Leyong. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2019.Quality Control of Pyridin-4-ol This article mentions the following:

A ethylene glycol bridged pyridine and pillar[5]arene based mech. selflocked pseudo[1]rotaxane was constructed successfully. The structure and selflocked conformation of pseudo[1]rotaxane were confirmed by ¹H, 2D NMR spectrum and HR-ESI-MS. It was found that in dilute solution the pseudo[1]rotaxane could be operated as an acid/base-controllable two state mol. shuttle while In concentrated solution, the pseudo[1]rotaxane existed as a dimer and could be operated from shrinking state to extension state. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2Quality Control of Pyridin-4-ol).

Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the 锜?bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the 锜?bonds. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C閳ユ弻 in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Quality Control of Pyridin-4-ol

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis of Axially Chiral 2,2′-Bisphosphobiarenes via a Nickel-Catalyzed Asymmetric Ullmann Coupling: General Access to Privileged Chiral Ligands without Optical Resolution was written by Zuo, Ziqing;Kim, Raphael S.;Watson, Donald A.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Product Details of 1257527-14-2 This article mentions the following:

The authors report an asym. homocoupling of ortho-(iodo)arylphosphine oxides and ortho-(iodo)arylphosphonates resulting in highly enantioenriched axially chiral bisphosphine oxides and bisphosphonates. These products are readily converted to enantioenriched biaryl bisphosphines without need for chiral auxiliaries or optical resolution This provides a practical route for the development of previously unstudied atroposelective biaryl bisphosphine ligands. The conditions also proved effective for asym. dimerization of other, nonphosphorus-containing aryl halides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-4-(tert-Butyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole (cas: 1257527-14-2Product Details of 1257527-14-2).

(S)-4-(tert-Butyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole (cas: 1257527-14-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Product Details of 1257527-14-2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Syntheses and antitumor activities of potent inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase: 3-amino-4-methylpyridine-2-carboxaldehyde-thiosemicarbazone (3-Amp), 3-amino-pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde-thiosemicarbazone (3-Ap) and its water-soluble prodrugs was written by Li, Jun;Zheng, Li-Mou;King, Ivan;Doyle, Terrence W.;Chen, Shu-Hui. And the article was included in Current Medicinal Chemistry in 2001.Safety of (2-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester This article mentions the following:

The reductive conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides by ribonucleotide reductase (RR) is a crucial and rate-controlling step in the pathway leading to the biosynthesis of DNA, since deoxyribonucleotides are present in extremely low levels in mammalian cells. Mammalian ribonucleotide reductase (RR) is composed of two dissimilar proteins, often referred to as R₁, which contains polythiols and R₂, which contains non-heme iron and a free tyrosyl radical. Both the R₁ and R₂ subunits contribute to the active site of the enzyme. Currently, there are two broad classes of RR inhibitors. The first class includes nucleoside analogs which bind to the R₁ subunit of the enzyme, several of which are in development. Among those, Gemcitabine and MDL 101,731 have demonstrated impressive efficacy against various solid tumors. Gemcitabine has now been approved for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. The most promising second class of inhibitors of RR includes HCTs [浼?(N)-heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones, e.g., I and II], which exert enzyme inhibitory effect through high affinity binding with non-heme iron. Based on the clin. success achieved by Gemcitabine, it seems reasonable that a strong inhibitor of RR, which is essential for cellular replication, would be a useful addition to the existing therapeutic agents against cancer. In this chapter, we wish to report several highly efficient syntheses for both I and II based upon palladium mediated Stille/Suzuki/Heck coupling reactions. Based upon the in vivo efficacy profile observed with these two agents, I was chosen over II as the candidate for further optimization with the intention to improve its biol. and pharmaceutical properties. In this vein, we have synthesized two water soluble phosphate containing prodrugs III [R = 2-(HO)₂P(O)O, 4-(HO)₂P(O)O] and one disulfide-linked prodrug of 3-AP III (R = 2-H₂NCH₂CH₂SS). As expected, bioconversion study using either alk. phosphatase or glutathione showed that these prodrugs were indeed converted to the parent I. When evaluated against the murine M-109 lung carcinoma as well as the B16-F10 murine melanoma xenograft models, the newly prepared phosphate prodrugs displayed improved efficacy and safety profiles than that found with the parent. More significantly, the ortho-phosphate prodrug III [R = 2-(HO)₂P(O)O] demonstrated impressive antitumor effect using once-a-day dosing regimen. In summary, the results disclosed herein demonstrated that some of I prodrugs prepared indeed demonstrated improved pharmaceutical, biol. and toxicity profiles over the parent I. Efforts directed towards further optimization of I prodrugs as novel anticancer agents is clearly warranted. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (cas: 209798-48-1Safety of (2-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester).

(2-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (cas: 209798-48-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Safety of (2-Chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ultrastructure of the dentin-adhesive interface after acid-base challenge. was written by Tsuchiya, Satoko;Nikaido, Toru;Sonoda, Hidekazu;Foxton, Richard M;Tagami, Junji. And the article was included in The journal of adhesive dentistry in 2004.Formula: C17H30BrN This article mentions the following:

PURPOSE: To observe the ultrastructure of the dentin-adhesive interface after in vitro sequential challenge by acidic and basic chemicals around adhesive restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Box-shaped cavities were prepared in bovine root dentin and restored as follows: Reactmer Bond and Reactmer Paste (RB/RP), Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil AP-X (SE/APX), ABF (experimental) and APX (ABF/APX), Single Bond and APX (SB/APX). After the specimens were stored in water for 1 week, the integrity of the bonds tested by sequential immersion were placed in an artificial demineralizing solution (pH 4.5) for 20 min and in 5% NaOCl for 20 min. The specimens were sectioned, polished, then argon-ion etched for 7 min, and gold sputter coated for SEM examination of the dentin-adhesive interface. RESULTS: The morphological results indicated tight bonding between the cavity wall dentin and the adhesive. For the fluoride-releasing restoration, RB/RP, a thick acid-resistant zone was clearly observed adjacent to the restoration; however, the bonding resin, RB, was partially degraded by the acid-base challenge. For SE/APX, ABF/APX and SB/APX, the bonding resins were resistant to the acid-base challenge. With the self-etching adhesive systems, SE and ABF, a thin band of acid-base resistant dentin less than 1 microm thick was observed beneath the hybrid layer. With the wet bonding system, SB, the hybrid layer was partially degraded by the acid-base challenge. CONCLUSION: SEM observation is useful for observing the reactions of adhesives to acid-base challenge. Prevention of secondary caries around a restoration may be influenced by the physical properties of the restorative and adhesive materials, quality of the hybrid layer, and fluoride-release. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4Formula: C17H30BrN).

1-Dodecylpyridin-1-ium bromide (cas: 104-73-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Formula: C17H30BrN

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Discovery of Orally Active Nonpeptide Vitronectin Receptor Antagonists Based on a 2-Benzazepine Gly-Asp Mimetic was written by Miller, William H.;Alberts, Doreen P.;Bhatnagar, Pradip K.;Bondinell, William E.;Callahan, James F.;Calvo, Raul R.;Cousins, Russell D.;Erhard, Karl F.;Heerding, Dirk A.;Keenan, Richard M.;Kwon, Chet;Manley, Peter J.;Newlander, Kenneth A.;Ross, Stephen T.;Samanen, James M.;Uzinskas, Irene N.;Venslavsky, Joseph W.;Yuan, Catherine C.-K.;Haltiwanger, R. Curtis;Gowen, Maxine;Hwang, Shing-Mei;James, Ian E.;Lark, Michael W.;Rieman, David J.;Stroup, George B.;Azzarano, Leonard M.;Salyers, Kevin L.;Smith, Brian R.;Ward, Keith W.;Johanson, Kyung O.;Huffman, William F.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2000.Application of 205676-84-2 This article mentions the following:

A new series of small mol. RGD mimetics that are highly potent, orally active 浼獀灏? antagonists is described. Selected members of this series are potent inhibitors of bone resorption in vitro and in vivo and have activity in an animal model of osteoporosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl methyl(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 205676-84-2Application of 205676-84-2).

tert-Butyl methyl(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 205676-84-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Application of 205676-84-2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Vinyl Thianthrenium Tetrafluoroborate: A Practical and Versatile Vinylating Reagent Made from Ethylene was written by Julia, Fabio;Yan, Jiyao;Paulus, Fritz;Ritter, Tobias. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Recommanded Product: 626-64-2 This article mentions the following:

The use of vinyl electrophiles in synthesis has been hampered by the lack of access to a suitable reagent that is practical and of appropriate reactivity. In this work we introduce a vinyl thianthrenium salt as an effective vinylating reagent. The bench-stable, crystalline reagent can be readily prepared from ethylene gas at atm. pressure in one step and is broadly useful in the annulation chem. of (hetero)cycles, N-vinylation of heterocyclic compounds, and palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The structural features of the thianthrene core enable a distinct synthesis and reactivity profile, unprecedented for other vinyl sulfonium derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2Recommanded Product: 626-64-2).

Pyridin-4-ol (cas: 626-64-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C閳ユ弻 in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Recommanded Product: 626-64-2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem