Category: pyridine-derivatives

Empel, Anna published the artcileTowards Property Profiling: SYNTHESIS and SAR Probing of New Tetracyclic Diazaphenothiazine Analogues, Recommanded Product: 2-Chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-amine, the main research area is lung breast cancer SAR anticancer tertiary phenothiazine quinoline; antibacterial activity; antiproliferative activity; azaphenothiazines; lipophilicity; pharmacophore mapping; phenothiazine; similarity-activity landscape index.

A series of new tertiary phenothiazine derivatives containing a quinoline and a pyridine fragment was synthesized by the reaction of 1-methyl-3-benzoylthio-4-butylthioquinolinium chloride with 3-aminopyridine derivatives bearing various substituents on the pyridine ring. The direction and mechanism of the cyclization reaction of intermediates with the structure of 1-methyl-4-(3-pyridyl)aminoquinolinium-3-thiolate was related to the substituents in the 2- and 4-pyridine position. The structures of the compounds were analyzed using 1H, 13C NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC) and X-ray anal., resp. Moreover, the antiproliferative activity against tumor cells (A549, T47D, SNB-19) and a normal cell line (NHDF) was tested. The antibacterial screening of all the compounds was conducted against the reference and quality control strain Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, three clin. isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). In silico computation of the intermol. similarity was performed using principal component anal. (PCA) and hierarchical clustering anal. (HCA) on the pool of structure/property-related descriptors calculated for the novel tetracyclic diazaphenothiazine derivatives The distance-oriented property evaluation was correlated with the exptl. anticancer activities and empirical lipophilicity as well. The quant. shape-based comparison was conducted using the CoMSA method in order to indicate the potentially valid steric, electronic and lipophilic properties. Finally, the numerical sampling of similarity-related activity landscape (SALI) provided a subtle picture of the SAR trends.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Antibacterial agents. 133627-45-9 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 2-Chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-amine, and the molecular formula is C6H7ClN2, Recommanded Product: 2-Chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-amine.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Fontaine, Fanny published the artcileFirst identification of boronic species as novel potential inhibitors of the Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump, COA of Formula: C6H8BNO2S, the main research area is boron compound transport protein NorA Staphylococcus.

Overexpression of efflux pumps is an important mechanism of bacterial resistance that results in the extrusion of antimicrobial agents outside the bacterial cell. Inhibition of such pumps appears to be a promising strategy that could restore the potency of existing antibiotics. The NorA efflux pump of Staphylococcus aureus confers resistance to a wide range of unrelated substrates, such as hydrophilic fluoroquinolones, leading to a multidrug-resistance phenotype. Here, 150 heterocyclic boronic species were evaluated for their activity against susceptible and resistant strains of S. aureus. Twenty-four hit compounds, although inactive when tested alone, were found to potentiate ciprofloxacin activity by a 4-fold increase at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 8 μg/mL against S. aureus 1199B, which overexpresses NorA. Boron-free analogs showed no biol. activity, thus revealing that the boron atom is crucial for biol. activity. This work describes the first reported efflux pump inhibitory activity of boronic acid derivatives

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antibacterial agents. 321438-86-2 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 6-(Methylthio)pyridin-3-ylboronic acid, and the molecular formula is C6H8BNO2S, COA of Formula: C6H8BNO2S.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Kulathooran, S. published the artcileSynthesis and biological activities of novel heterocyclic chalcone derivatives by two different methods using anhydrous potassium carbonate as an efficient catalyst, SDS of cas: 71255-09-9, the main research area is acetyl dimethylfuran aryl aldehyde potassium carbonate catalyst microwave irradiation; chalcone preparation diastereoselective green chem antibacterial antifungal activity SAR.

A series of twenty 3-(aryl)-1-(2,5-dimethylfuran-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one I [R = 2,5-(F)2-C6H3, 2-naphthyl, 2-biphenyl, etc.] were synthesized by using conventional and microwave irradiation methods in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate as an safe, inexpensive and efficient basic catalyst. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in-vitro antimicrobial activity against variety of microbial strains and it was characterized by IR, NMR (1H & 13C) and mass spectral anal. The biol. screening results indicated that some of the compounds showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities. Compound I [R = 3-methyl-2-thiophenyl] displayed excellent antimicrobial activity against various microbial strains. The newly synthesized high potent compound I [R = 3-methyl-2-thiophenyl] was subjected to thermogravimetric anal. (TGA), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and single crystal XRD.

Pharma Chemica published new progress about Antibacterial agents. 71255-09-9 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 2-Methoxynicotinaldehyde, and the molecular formula is C7H7NO2, SDS of cas: 71255-09-9.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Grenier, Melissa C. published the artcileThe antibacterial activity of 4,4′-bipyridinium amphiphiles with conventional, bicephalic and gemini architectures, Quality Control of 36437-30-6, the main research area is antibacterial bipyridinium amphiphile.

Dialkyl 4,4′-bipyridinium compounds are widely employed for their useful redox properties, and are commonly known as viologens due to their intense coloration upon reduction Despite their prevalence and amphiphilic nature, the antibacterial activity of these compounds remains largely unreported. The authors have prepared a series of mono- and bis-alkylated analogs of 4,4′-bipyridine to investigate structure-activity relationships in their inhibition of a battery of Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. bacteria. The prepared cationic compounds were conventional (one cationic head, one non-polar tail), bicephalic (two heads, one tail), or gemini (two heads, two tails) in their amphiphilic structure. Addnl., an isomeric series of six bis-alkylated compounds ranging from sym. (PQ-11,11) to highly asym. (PQ-20,2) were prepared Four themes of bioactivity emerged: (1) the most bioactive compounds were gemini in structure; (2) 22 carbons in the alkyl chains, with little to modest asymmetry, led to optimal activity; (3) bicephalic compounds were generally comparable to conventional amphiphiles, though only about 12 carbons in the alkyl chains were solubilized in water by each cationic nitrogen; (4) the effects of counterion identity were not evident between chlorides and bromides; however, the presence of the iodide counterion inhibited dissolution in all compounds tested. Three isomeric compounds with little to no asymmetry in tail length, PQ-11,11, PQ-12,10, and PQ-14,8, prepared as the bromide salts, showed comparable and highly potent activity, with MIC levels around 2 μM against 3 of 4 bacteria tested. The simple (one- to two-step) syntheses of potent antimicrobials portend well for future optimization.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters published new progress about Antibacterial agents. 36437-30-6 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 1,1-Di-n-octyl-4,4-bipyridinium Dibromide, and the molecular formula is C26H42Br2N2, Quality Control of 36437-30-6.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Lee, Chin-Mei published the artcileGIGANTEA recruits the UBP12 and UBP13 deubiquitylases to regulate accumulation of the ZTL photoreceptor complex, Category: pyridine-derivatives, the main research area is Arabidopsis seed UBP12 UBP13 GIGANTEA ZTL photoreceptor complex.

ZEITLUPE (ZTL), a photoreceptor with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, communicates end-of-day light conditions to the plant circadian clock. It still remains unclear how ZTL protein accumulates in the light but does not destabilize target proteins before dusk. Two deubiquitylating enzymes, UBIQUITIN-SPECIFIC PROTEASE 12 and 13 (UBP12 and UBP13), which regulate clock period and protein ubiquitylation in a manner opposite to ZTL, associate with the ZTL protein complex. Here we demonstrate that the ZTL interacting partner, GIGANTEA (GI), recruits UBP12 and UBP13 to the ZTL photoreceptor complex. We show that loss of UBP12 and UBP13 reduces ZTL and GI protein levels through a post-transcriptional mechanism. Furthermore, a ZTL target protein is unable to accumulate to normal levels in ubp mutants. This demonstrates that the ZTL photoreceptor complex contains both ubiquitin-conjugating and -deconjugating enzymes, and that these two opposing enzyme types are necessary for circadian clock pacing. This shows that deubiquitylating enzymes are a core element of circadian clocks, conserved from plants to animals.

Nature Communications published new progress about Arabidopsis thaliana. 21829-25-4 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is Dimethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, and the molecular formula is C17H18N2O6, Category: pyridine-derivatives.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Limanjaya, Ivan published the artcileL-selectin activation regulates Rho GTPase activity via Ca+2 influx in Sertoli cell line, ASC-17D cells, Product Details of C17H18N2O6, the main research area is L selectin Rho GTPase calcium channel sertoli cell; ASC-17D cells; Calcium influx; L-selectin; Rho GTPase.

In seminiferous epithelium, tight junctions (TJs) between adjacent Sertoli cells constitute the blood-testis barrier and must change synchronically for germ cells to translocate from the basal to the adluminal compartment during the spermatogenic cycle. Rho GTPase activation through stimulation with specific L-selectin ligands has been proposed to modulate tight junctional dynamics. However, little is known regarding the role of Ca+2 dynamics in Sertoli cell and how Ca+2 relays L-selectin signals to modulate Rho GTPase activity in Sertoli cells, thus prompting us to investigate the Ca+2 flux induced by L-selectin ligand in ASC-17D cells. Using fluorescent real-time image, we first demonstrated the increase of intracellular Ca+2 level following L-selectin ligand stimulation. This Ca+2 increase was inhibited in ASC-17D cells pretreated with nifedipine, the L-type voltage-operated Ca+2 channel (VOCC) blocker, but not mibefradil, the T-type VOCC blocker. We then demonstrated the up-regulation of Rho and Rac1 in ASC-17D cells following the administration of L-selectin ligand, and the pre-treatment with nifedipine, but not mibefradil, prior to L-selectin ligand-binding abolished the activation of both Rho and Rac1. Together, we conclude that the activation of L-selectin induces Ca+2 influx through the L-type VOCC, which up-regulates Rho and Rac1 proteins, in ASC-17D cells.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications published new progress about Blood-testis barrier. 21829-25-4 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is Dimethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, and the molecular formula is C17H18N2O6, Product Details of C17H18N2O6.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Cheng, Sixue published the artcileNanoconfinement Effects on the Glass Transition and Crystallization Behaviors of Nifedipine, Synthetic Route of 21829-25-4, the main research area is glass transition crystallization nifedipine; amorphous pharmaceutical; cold-crystallization; glass transition; nifedipine; polymorphism.

The impact of nanoconfinement on the crystallization and glass transition behaviors of nifedipine (NIF) has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. Nanoconfinement was provided by imbibing the NIF into a porous medium (controlled pore glass, CPG), and results were compared with the unconfined bulk material. Consistent with previous results from the literature, both glass transition temperature Tg and melting temperature Tm decrease with decreasing pore size. The melting temperature was found to decrease with the reciprocal of pore diameter and could be analyzed with the Gibbs-Thomson equation. In addition, for confinement sizes of 7.5 and 12 nm, it was found that no cold-crystallization occurs upon heating from the glassy state to above the expected melting transition. Finally, at intermediate confinements we find evidence of a possible new, confinement-induced polymorph of NIF.

Molecular Pharmaceutics published new progress about Crystal polymorphism. 21829-25-4 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is Dimethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, and the molecular formula is C17H18N2O6, Synthetic Route of 21829-25-4.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Zhang, Shujuan published the artcileBile acid transporter mediated STC/Soluplus self-assembled hybrid nanoparticles for enhancing the oral drug bioavailability, Synthetic Route of 72509-76-3, the main research area is sodium taurocholate Soluplus nanoparticle bioavailability bile acid transporter; ASBT; Felodipine; P4; Self-assembled hybrid nanoparticles; Sodium taurocholate; Soluplus.

The nano-particulate system for oral delivery faces a big challenge across the gastrointestinal bio-barriers. The aim was to explore the potential applications of bile acid transporter mediated the self-assembled hybrid nanoparticles (SHNPs) of sodium taurocholate (STC) and polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol (Soluplus) for augmenting the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. Felodipine (FLDP) was chosen as a model drug. The self-assembly of STC with Soluplus to load FLDP and the microstructure of the SHNPs were confirmed using mol. simulation, STC determination by high performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) and transmission electron microscope. Results showed that STC was integrated with Soluplus on the surface of nanoparticles by hydrophobic interactions. The permeability of FLDP loaded STC/Soluplus SHNPs was STC dependent in the ileum, which was inhibited by the higher concentrations of STC and the inhibitor of apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT). STC/Soluplus (1:9) SHNPs significantly improved the drug loading of FLDP, achieved the highest permeability of FLDP and realized 1.6-fold of the area under the curve (AUC) of Soluplus self-assembled nanoparticles (SNPs). A water-quenching fluorescent probe P4 was loaded into the STC/Soluplus SHNPs, which verified that the SHNPs were transferred intactly across the ileum. In conclusion, STC/Soluplus SHNPs via ASBT are a potential strategy for enhancing the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about Drug bioavailability. 72509-76-3 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 3-Ethyl 5-methyl 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, and the molecular formula is C18H19Cl2NO4, Synthetic Route of 72509-76-3.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Tsai, Yuan-Ming published the artcileVascular Kv7 channels control intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in smooth muscle, Application of Dimethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, the main research area is retigabine vasopressin calcium phospholipase smooth muscle; Calcium; Kv7; Phospholipase C; Retigabine; T-type Ca(2+)channels; Vascular smooth muscle cell; Vasopressin.

Voltage-gated Kv7 (or KCNQ) channels control activity of excitable cells, including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), by setting their resting membrane potential and controlling other excitability parameters. Excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells is mediated by Ca2+ but until now, the exact role of Kv7 channels in cytosolic Ca2+ dynamics in VSMCs has not been fully elucidated. We utilized microfluorimetry to investigate the impact of Kv7 channel activity on intracellular Ca2+ levels and elec. activity of rat A7r5 VSMCs and primary human internal mammary artery (IMA) SMCs. Both, direct (XE991) and G protein coupled receptor mediated (vasopressin, AVP) Kv7 channel inhibition induced robust Ca2+ oscillations, which were significantly reduced in the presence of Kv7 channel activator, retigabine, L-type Ca2+ channel inhibitor, nifedipine, or T-type Ca2+ channel inhibitor, NNC 55-0396, in A7r5 cells. Membrane potential measured using FluoVolt exhibited a slow depolarisation followed by a burst of sharp spikes in response to XE991; spikes were temporally correlated with Ca2+ oscillations. Phospholipase C inhibitor (edelfosine) reduced AVP-induced, but not XE991-induced Ca2+ oscillations. AVP and XE991 induced a large increase of [Ca2+]i in human IMA, which was also attenuated with retigabine, nifedipine and NNC 55-0396. RT-PCR, immunohistochem. and electrophysiol. suggested that Kv7.5 was the predominant Kv7 subunit in both rat and human arterial SMCs; CACNA1C (Cav1.2; L-type) and CACNA1 G (Cav3.1; T-type) were the most abundant voltage-gated Ca2+ channel gene transcripts in both types of VSMCs. This study establishes Kv7 channels as key regulators of Ca2+ signalling in VSMCs with Kv7.5 playing a dominant role.

Cell Calcium published new progress about Immunohistochemistry. 21829-25-4 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is Dimethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, and the molecular formula is C17H18N2O6, Application of Dimethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Khattab, Sherine N. published the artcileAminolysis of 1-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-2,4-dinitrobenzene and 2-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-5-nitropyridine, Application of 4-(5-Nitropyridin-2-yl)morpholine, the main research area is hydroxybenzotriazole aminolysis reaction mechanism kinetics solvent effect.

The reaction 1-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-2,4-dinitrobenzene and 2-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-5-nitropyridine with amines undergoes amination followed by elimination of the 1-hydroxyl benzotriazolyl anion. The kinetic data for the reaction of 1-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-2,4-dinitrobenzene and 2-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-5-nitropyridine with morpholine (Mo), cyclohexylamine (CHA) and aniline (An) in MeOH and acetonitrile (AN) proceeded by uncatalyzed mechanism in which the rate limiting step is the leaving group departure, whereas the reaction with Mo in toluene proceeded by uncatalyzed mechanism in which the formation of the zwitterionic intermediate is the rate determining step. While the reactions of 1-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-2,4-dinitrobenzene with CHA and An and the reaction of 2-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-5-nitropyridine with CHA in toluene proceeded by the specific base (SB) mechanism in which the rate determining step is the proton transfer process. The reactions of 1-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-2,4-dinitrobenzene and 2-(1-hydroxybenzotriazolyl)-5-nitropyridine with Mo in the three solvents and with CHA and An in MeOH and AN is greatly dependent on the stability of the zwitterionic intermediate. The effect of ring activation is due to the ground state stabilization and the more efficient delocalization of the neg. charge with a nitro group than with a ring-nitrogen in the transition state. The low activation enthalpies ΔH# and the highly neg. activation entropies ΔS# are due to the intramol. hydrogen bonding with the ammonio hydrogen present in the transition state.

Open Journal of Physical Chemistry published new progress about Activation enthalpy. 26820-62-2 belongs to class pyridine-derivatives, name is 4-(5-Nitropyridin-2-yl)morpholine, and the molecular formula is C9H11N3O3, Application of 4-(5-Nitropyridin-2-yl)morpholine.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem