Pyridine-derivatives

《In Vitro Anti-tumoral and Anti-bacterial Activity of an Octamolybdate Cluster-Based Hybrid Solid Incorporated with a Copper Picolinate Complex》 was written by Joshi, Arti; Gupta, Ruby; Vaghasiya, Kalpesh; Verma, Rahul Kumar; Sharma, Deepika; Singh, Monika. Formula: C6H5NO2 And the article was included in ACS Applied Bio Materials in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Inorganic drugs, especially polyoxometalate-based hybrids, are expected to be developed as promising future metallodrugs. Herein, an organic-inorganic hybrid solid based on pyridine-2-carboxylic acid or picolinic acid (pic), [(Cu(pic)2)2(Mo8O26)]·8H2O (1), was synthesized. A single-crystal structure of a solid possesses a discrete β-type octamolybdate cluster that supramolecularly aggregates with a {Cu2(pic)4}4- complex and eight lattice water mols. The study indicates that the solid is stable in aqueous medium and less toxic toward normal cell lines. The in vitro anti-bacterial and anti-tumor properties of the solid 1 were investigated. The results of the anti-tumor action against various human cancer cell lines, namely, lung (A549), breast (MCF-7), and liver (HepG2) cancer cells suggest that this β-octamolybdate-based solid yielded the lowest IC50 value reported so far among octamolybdate anion-based hybrid solids, i.e., 24.24μM for MCF-7, 21.56μM for HepG2, and 25μM for A549, indicating significant anti-cancer activity. The cell cycle anal. further reveals the observed anti-tumor effect to be governed by the arrest of breast cancer cells in the G2/M phase while that of lung and liver cancer cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. A fluorescence quenching study suggests the binding interaction between solid and ctDNA, which in turn induces apoptosis and necrosis pathways leading to cancer cell death. This is also the first study of {Mo8O26}4- cluster-based solids as an anti-bacterial agent against Escherichia coli, and it was found to be very effective with a minimal inhibitory concentration value of ~135μg/mL, which is the lowest so far reported for any octamolybdate-based solid. In the experiment, the researchers used Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Formula: C6H5NO2)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used in the preparation of 2-Aminodihydro[1,3]thiazines as BACE 2 inhibitors and their preparation and use in the treatment of diabetes.Formula: C6H5NO2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

《Synthesis and Characterization of a Linear Triiron(II) Extended Metal Atom Chain Complex with Fe-Fe Bonds》 was written by Guillet, Gary L.; Arpin, Kathleen Y.; Boltin, Alan M.; Gordon, Jesse B.; Rave, Justin A.; Hillesheim, Patrick C.. COA of Formula: C5H7N3 And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Extended metal atom chain (EMAC) complexes of first-row transition metals with metal-metal bonds have the potential to elicit unique magnetic properties and reactivities. Until now, the library of EMAC complexes with late-first-row transition metals was incomplete because of the omission of a triiron species with Fe-Fe bonding. Herein we report the synthesis and preliminary investigation of the first linear, triiron(II) complex containing close Fe-Fe interactions. The complex is supported by three dianionic 2,6-bis[(trimethylsilyl)amido]pyridine ligands (L), with an overall composition of Fe3L3, and pseudohelical ligand coordination stabilizing the local trigonal-planar geometry at each iron. Fe3L3 was characterized by X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR, cyclic voltammetry, electronic absorption, and Mossbauer spectroscopies. Evans method anal. indicated a large uncompensated spin and an S = 6 ground state, suggesting ferromagnetic coupling in the triiron chain, likely due to direct exchange. The first structurally characterized triiron extended metal atom chain complex is presented. The complex is composed of three ferrous ions supported by three 2,6-bis[(trimethylsilyl)amido]pyridine ligands. The iron atoms are arranged linearly with two sym. Fe-Fe bonds of 2.437 Å indicative of modest single bonds. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6COA of Formula: C5H7N3)

2,6-Diaminopyridine(cas: 141-86-6) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine and its simple derivatives are stable and relatively unreactive liquids, with strong penetrating odours that are unpleasant.COA of Formula: C5H7N3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Balaraman, Kaluvu; Wolf, Christian published their research in Organic Letters in 2021. The article was titled 《Palladium and Nickel Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling with Alkyl Fluorides》.Computed Properties of C5H6BNO2 The article contains the following contents:

Suzuki cross-coupling of benzylic and unactivated aliphatic fluorides RF (R = octyl, cyclohexyl, (4-nitrophenyl)methyl, etc.) with aryl- and alkenylboronic acids R1B(OH)2 (R1 = Ph, 2-phenylethenyl, pyridin-2-yl, etc.) has been achieved via mechanistically distinct Pd and Ni catalyzed pathways that outperform competing protodeboronation, β-hydride elimination, and homocoupling processes. The utility is demonstrated with more than 20 examples e.g., 1-benzyl-4-nitrobenzene. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2-Pyridinylboronic acid(cas: 197958-29-5Computed Properties of C5H6BNO2)

2-Pyridinylboronic acid(cas: 197958-29-5) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is widely used in the precursor to agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Also, it is used as an important reagent and organic solvent.Computed Properties of C5H6BNO2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ramirez-Palma, Lillian G.; Espinoza-Guillen, Adrian; Nieto-Camacho, Fabiola; Lopez-Guerra, Alexis E.; Gomez-Vidales, Virginia; Cortes-Guzman, Fernando; Ruiz-Azuara, Lena published their research in Molecules in 2021. The article was titled 《Intermediate Detection in the Casiopeina-Cysteine Interaction Ending in the Disulfide Bond Formation and Copper Reduction》.HPLC of Formula: 1134-35-6 The article contains the following contents:

A strategy to improve the cancer therapies involves agents that cause the depletion of the endogenous antioxidant glutathione (GSH), increasing its efflux out of cells and inducing apoptosis in tumoral cells due to the presence of reactive oxygen species. It has been shown that Casiopeina copper complexes caused a dramatic intracellular GSH drop, forming disulfide bonds and reducing CuII to CuI. Herein, through the determination of the [CuII]-SH bond before reduction, we present evidence of the adduct between cysteine and one Casiopeina as an intermediate in the cystine formation and as a model to understand the anticancer activity of copper complexes. Evidence of such an intermediate has never been presented before.4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine(cas: 1134-35-6HPLC of Formula: 1134-35-6) was used in this study.

4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine(cas: 1134-35-6) is used as a chemical Intermediate. It can be used for the determination of ferrous and cyanide compounds.HPLC of Formula: 1134-35-6 Furthermore, 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine is used in the synthesis of a series of o-phenanthroline-substituted ruthenium(II) complexes.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Bennett, Troy L. R.; Wilkinson, Luke A.; Lok, Jasmine M. A.; O’Toole, Robert C. P.; Long, Nicholas J. published their research in Organometallics in 2021. The article was titled 《Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Optical Properties of Highly Conjugated Alkynyl-Ferrocenes and -Biferrocenes》.Category: pyridine-derivatives The article contains the following contents:

Sonogashira reactions are utilized herein to react iodo-ferrocenes and -biferrocenes with terminal alkyne ligands, functionalized with both pyridine and thioanisole groups. High-yielding reactions generate both monoalkynyl and dialkynyl derivatives, the ratio of which can be altered through changes in the reaction stoichiometry. This methodol. allowed us to synthesize a large family of derivatives, comprising four sym. derivatives (3xx, where x represents a phenyl-substituted terminal alkyne) and six less-studied asym. derivatives (3xy, where x and y represent two different phenyl-substituted terminal alkynes), as well as a number of their biferrocenyl analogs (6x, 7xx, and 7xy), including the first known examples of asym. disubstituted biferrocenes. Authors examined the electrochem. behavior of all the systems in solution through the use of cyclic voltammetry and demonstrate that these highly conjugated alkynyl ligands exert delicate redox control over the central ferrocene motif. They also note that these substituents display some control over the mixed-valence character present in biferrocene monocations, with thioanisole substituents imparting almost an order of magnitude higher Kc than their pyridyl analogs, and asym. systems displaying rare characteristic properties of mixed-valence isomers. The electronic structure of these systems was further elucidated through a combination of UV/vis spectroscopy and d. functional theory calculations Their methodol. provides a facile and adaptable route toward the isolation of a number of novel ferrocene and biferrocene derivatives From their perspective, the asym. nature of these systems, along with the delicate and predictable redox control that these ligands exert on the central ferrocene unit(s), could lead to applications in mol. electronics, where these properties have previously shown promise in the fabrication of diodes and rectifiers, as well as in the synthesis of donor-π-acceptor systems. The experimental process involved the reaction of 4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7Category: pyridine-derivatives)

4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7) belongs to pyridine. Pyridines are often used as catalysts or reagents; particular notice has been paid recently to how pyridine coordinates to metal centers enabling a wide range of valuable reactions. Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Nair, Shruthi S.; Bysewski, Oliver A.; Kupfer, Stephan; Waechtler, Maria; Winter, Andreas; Schubert, Ulrich S.; Dietzek, Benjamin published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Excitation Energy-Dependent Branching Dynamics Determines Photostability of Iron(II)-Mesoionic Carbene Complexes》, and you may find the article in Inorganic Chemistry.COA of Formula: C5H3Br2N The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Photoactive metal complexes containing earth-abundant transition metals recently gained interest as photosensitizers in light-driven chem. In contrast to the traditionally employed ruthenium or iridium complexes, iron complexes developed to be promising candidates despite the fact that using iron complexes as photosensitizers poses an inherent challenge associated with the low-lying metal-centered states, which are responsible for ultrafast deactivation of the charge-transfer states. Nonetheless, recent developments of strongly σ-donating carbene ligands yielded highly promising systems, in which destabilized metal-centered states resulted in prolonged lifetimes of charge-transfer excited states. In this context, we introduce a series of novel homoleptic Fe-triazolylidene mesoionic carbene complexes. The excited-state properties of the complexes were investigated by time-resolved femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and quantum chem. calculations Pump wavelength-dependent transient absorption reveals the presence of distinct excited-state relaxation pathways. We relate the excitation-wavelength-dependent branching of the excited-state dynamics into various reaction channels to solvent-dependent photodissociation following the population of dissociative metal centered states upon excitation at 400 nm. In addition to this study using 2,6-Dibromopyridine, there are many other studies that have used 2,6-Dibromopyridine(cas: 626-05-1COA of Formula: C5H3Br2N) was used in this study.

2,6-Dibromopyridine(cas: 626-05-1) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine derivatives lend themselves to many roles in the spirited field of supramolecular chemistry – whether as the ligand backbone of metal-organic polymers or presiding over the key electronic stations of nanodevices. In biochemistry, pyridine-containing cofactors are necessary nutrients on which our lives depend. COA of Formula: C5H3Br2N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Wu, Yaxing; Wu, Chao; Wang, Fei; Chen, Chao published an article in New Journal of Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Cu-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1] cascade annulation of vinyl iodonium salts with elemental sulfur/selenium for the modular synthesis of thiophenes and selenophenes》.Product Details of 2510-22-7 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A [2 + 2 + 1] annulation protocol was established for the modular synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted thiophenes/selenophenes, with excellent regioselectivity. The reactions was catalyzed by copper salt with elemental sulfur and selenium serving as the chalcogen source. The mechanistic study was revealed that this process was initiated by a trisulfur radical anion using EPR. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7Product Details of 2510-22-7)

4-Ethynylpyridine(cas: 2510-22-7) belongs to pyridine. In industry and in the lab, pyridine is used as a reaction solvent, particularly when its basicity is useful, and as a starting material for synthesizing some herbicides, fungicides, and antiseptics.Product Details of 2510-22-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Smits, N. W. G.; Rademaker, D.; Konovalov, A. I.; Siegler, M. A.; Hetterscheid, D. G. H. published an article in Dalton Transactions. The title of the article was 《Influence of the spatial distribution of copper sites on the selectivity of the oxygen reduction reaction》.COA of Formula: C12H13N3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Moving towards a hydrogen economy raises the demand for affordable and efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. Cu-bmpa (bmpa = bis(2-picolyl)amine) is shown to have moderate activity, but poor selectivity for the 4-electron reduction of oxygen to water. To enhance the selectivity towards water formation, the cooperative effect of three Cu-bmpa binding sites in a single trinuclear complex is investigated. The catalytic currents in the presence of the trinuclear sites are lower, possibly due to the more rigid structure and therefore higher reorganization energies and/or slower diffusion rates of the catalytic species. Although the oxygen reduction activity of the trinuclear complexes is lower than that of mononuclear Cu-bmpa, the selectivity of the copper mediated oxygen reduction was significantly enhanced towards the 4-electron process due to a cooperative effect between three copper centers that have been positioned in close proximity. These results indicate that the cooperativity between metal ions within biomimetic sites can greatly enhance the ORR selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine(cas: 1539-42-0COA of Formula: C12H13N3)

Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine(cas: 1539-42-0) is a secondary amine with two picolyl substituents. As a tridentate ligand this compound provides three nitrogen donors that affords good selectivity for Zn2+ over biologically relevant metals such as Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, and leaves coordination sites free for anion binding. COA of Formula: C12H13N3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Wang, Ming; Zhang, Feng; Luo, Yang; Li, Shuo; Wang, Ming-Qi published an article in Chemistry & Biodiversity. The title of the article was 《DPA-Substituted Carbazole Derivative as a Fluorescent Ligand for G4 DNA》.Electric Literature of C12H13N3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Herein a conjugated dipicolylamine/carbazole (Car-DPA) mol. was designed and synthesized to enhance the performance for the application as a G4 fluorescent ligand. This ligand has been found to display distinct and specific fluorescence enhancements in the presence of various G4 DNA structures, but limited with ssDNA or dsDNAs. The detail binding characteristics of the ligand with c-MYC G4 DNA were investigated by fluorescence, UV/VIS absorption, CD spectroscopy, and mol. docking. The present study demonstrated that Car-DPA bound to c-MYC G4s with a two-step complex formation, in which the binding mode appeared to be end-stacking. Confocal fluorescence images indicated that ligand Car-DPA could locate in nucleus, which is quite prominent from the cellular internalization studies. After reading the article, we found that the author used Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine(cas: 1539-42-0Electric Literature of C12H13N3)

Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amine(cas: 1539-42-0) is a secondary amine with two picolyl substituents. As a tridentate ligand this compound provides three nitrogen donors that affords good selectivity for Zn2+ over biologically relevant metals such as Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, and leaves coordination sites free for anion binding. Electric Literature of C12H13N3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Yamaguchi, Koji; Miyaguchi, Hajime; Ohno, Youkichi; Kanawaku, Yoshimasa published an article in Forensic Toxicology. The title of the article was 《Qualitative analysis of 7- and 8-hydroxyzolpidem and discovery of novel zolpidem metabolites in postmortem urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry》.Related Products of 3510-66-5 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Forensic anal. of Zolpidem (ZOL) is a hypnotic sometimes used in drug-facilitated crimes. Understanding ZOL metabolism is important for proving ZOL intake. In this study, we synthesized standards of hydroxyzolpidems with a hydroxy group attached to the pyridine ring and analyzed them to prove their presence in postmortem urine. We also searched for novel ZOL metabolites in the urine sample using liquid chromatog.-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QqQMS) and liquid chromatog.-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QqTOFMS). 7- and 8-Hydroxyzolpidem (7OHZ and 8OHZ, resp.) were synthesized and analyzed using LC-QqQMS. Retention times were compared between the synthetic standards and extracts of postmortem urine. To search for novel ZOL metabolites, first, the urine extract was analyzed with data-dependent acquisition, and the peaks showing the characteristic fragmentation pattern of ZOL were selected. Second, product ion spectra of these peaks at various collision energies were acquired and fragments that could be used for multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) were chosen. Finally, MRM parameters were optimized using the urine extract These peaks were also analyzed using LC-QqTOFMS. The presence of 7OHZ and 8OHZ in urine was confirmed. The highest peak among hydroxyzolpidems was assigned to 7OHZ. The novel metabolites found were zolpidem dihydrodiol and its glucuronides, cysteine adducts of ZOL and dihydro(hydroxy)zolpidem, and glucuronides of hydroxyzolpidems. The presence of novel metabolites revealed new metabolic pathways, which involve formation of an epoxide on the pyridine ring as an intermediate. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2-Bromo-5-methylpyridine(cas: 3510-66-5Related Products of 3510-66-5)

2-Bromo-5-methylpyridine(cas: 3510-66-5) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. Related Products of 3510-66-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem