Tag: 100-200

An Efficient Ullmann-Type C-O Bond Formation Catalyzed by an Air-Stable Copper(I)-Bipyridyl Complex was written by Niu, Jiajia;Zhou, Hua;Li, Zhigang;Xu, Jingwei;Hu, Shaojing. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2008.Synthetic Route of C11H9NO This article mentions the following:

An efficient O-arylation of phenols and aliphatic alcs. with aryl halides was developed that uses an air-stable copper(I) complex, I, as the catalyst. This arylation reaction can be performed in good yield in the absence of Cs₂CO₃. A variety of functional groups are compatible with these reaction conditions with low catalyst loading levels. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Synthetic Route of C11H9NO).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol� in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol� in benzene). Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Synthetic Route of C11H9NO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis and Evaluation of Molybdenum and Tungsten Monoaryloxide Halide Alkylidene Complexes for Z-Selective Cross-Metathesis of Cyclooctene and Z-1,2-Dichloroethylene was written by Lam, Jonathan K.;Zhu, Congqing;Bukhryakov, Konstantin V.;Muller, Peter;Hoveyda, Amir;Schrock, Richard R.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2016.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

Mo complexes Mo(NR)(CHR’)(OR)(Cl)(MeCN) (R = t-Bu or 1-adamantyl; OR = a 2,6-terphenoxide) recently are highly active catalysts for cross metathesis reactions between Z-internal olefins and Z-1,2-dichloroethylene or Z-(CF₃)CH:CH(CF₃). The authors report methods of synthesizing new potential catalysts M(NR)(CHR’)(OR)(Cl)(L) in which M = Mo or W, NR = N-2,6-diisopropylphenyl or NC₆F₅, and L is a phosphine, a pyridine, or a nitrile. The catalysts are tested in the cross-metathesis of Z-1,2-dichloroethylene and cyclooctene. The studies indicate that W complexes are inactive in the test reaction either because the donor is bound too strongly or because MeCN inserts into a W:C bond. The MeCN or pivalonitrile Mo(NR)(CHR’)(OR)(Cl)(L) complexes are especially reactive because the 14e Mo(NR)(CHR’)(OR)Cl core is accessible through dissociation of the nitrile to a significant extent. Pivalonitrile can be removed (>95%) from Mo(NAr)(CHCMe₂Ph)(OHMT)(Cl)(t-BuCN) (Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl; OHMT = 2,6-dimesitylphenoxide) to give 14e Mo(NAr)(CHCMe₂Ph)(OHMT)Cl in solution as a mixture of syn and anti (60:40 at 0.015M) nitrile-free isomers, but these 14e complexes have not yet been isolated in pure form. The syn iso-mer of Mo(NAr)(CHCMe₂Ph)(OHMT)Cl binds pivalonitrile most strongly. Other Mo(NR)(CHR’)(OR)(Cl)(L) complexes can be activated through addition of B(C₆F₅)₃. High stereoselectivities (>98% Z,Z) of ClCH:CH(CH₂)₆CH:CHCl are not restricted to t-butylimido or adamantylimido complexes; 96.2% Z selectivity is observed with B-activated Mo(NC₆F₅)(CHR’)(OHIPT)(Cl)(PPhMe₂). So far no Mo:CHCl complexes, which are required intermediates in the test reaction, were observed in NMR studies at room temperature In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7Category: pyridine-derivatives).

Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Oxidative [3+2] Annulation of Arenes and Azabicyclic Olefins through Twofold C-H Activation was written by Mi, Ruijie;Zheng, Guangfan;Qi, Zisong;Li, Xingwei. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2019.Product Details of 4783-68-0 This article mentions the following:

C-H bond activation is mostly limited to ortho selectivity. Activation of both ortho and meta C-H bonds constitutes a particularly important strategy for annulation, but has rarely been studied in enantioselective systems. Reported herein is rhodium(III)-catalyzed asym. [3+2] transannulation of arenes with 7-azabenzonorbornadienes. Two distinct classes of arenes have been identified as substrates, and the coupling proceeded with high enantioselectivity and excellent diastereoselectivity through sequential activation of ortho and meta C-H bonds. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Product Details of 4783-68-0).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Product Details of 4783-68-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Effect of molecular structure of cation and anions of ionic liquids and co-solvents on selectivity of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from sugars, cellulose and real biomass was written by Naz, Sadia;Uroos, Maliha;Muhammad, Nawshad. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Liquids in 2021.Recommanded Product: 125652-55-3 This article mentions the following:

The concept of biorefinery still requires advancements in process development for energy and materials. Ionic liquids have been successfully used for several biorefinery applications including high yield synthesis of biofuels and value added platform chems. Designing suitable ionic liquid that is efficient in terms of cost as well as product selectivity is still highly needed. This study is carried out to check the effect of different anions of Bronsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs), Bronsted Lewis acidic ionic liquids (BLAILs), Lewis acidic ionic liquids (LAILs) as well as organic electrolyte solutions (OES) for 5-HMF selectivities from monosaccharides, polysaccharides as well as lignocellulosic composite. Different variables and parameters such as Lewis acidity of anions, alkyl side chain of ionic liquid, metal chloride type and loading, time, temperature, substrate loading, polar protic and aprotic solvents are thoroughly studied for process optimization. Polar protic solvents added in [C₁C₄SO₃HPy] based ionic liquids with CH₃COO^– and Cl^– anions yielded 94 and 80% 5-HMF from fructose and glucose resp. in the presence of AlCl3 as Lewis acid. C₄SO₃H side chain yielding high from fructose and glucose is inefficient for conversion of cellulose and lignocellulose. High product selectivity from these biopolymers is achieved using Bu side chain with 3-methylpyridinium cation and chlorochromate anion. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3Recommanded Product: 125652-55-3).

1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol� in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol� in benzene). Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Recommanded Product: 125652-55-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Condensed as-triazines. V. Pyrido[4,3-e]-as-triazines was written by Benko, Pal;Berenyi, Edit;Messmer, Andras;Hajos, Gyorgy;Pallos, Laszlo. And the article was included in Acta Chimica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae in 1976.Application In Synthesis of 3,4-Dichloro-5-nitropyridine This article mentions the following:

Pyridotriazine oxides I (R = H, Cl) were obtained in 84.5 and 59.7% yields by base-catalyzed cyclocondensation of guanidine with a 4-methoxy-3-nitropyridine. Treatment of I (R = H) with base gave 41.7% of the rearranged triazoleamide II. Addnl. obtained were 35% and 24% III (R = PhCH2NH, morpholino). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,4-Dichloro-5-nitropyridine (cas: 56809-84-8Application In Synthesis of 3,4-Dichloro-5-nitropyridine).

3,4-Dichloro-5-nitropyridine (cas: 56809-84-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Application In Synthesis of 3,4-Dichloro-5-nitropyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis and evaluation of cis-3,4-disubstituted piperidines as potent CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonists was written by Cherney, Robert J.;Nelson, David J.;Lo, Yvonne C.;Yang, Gengjie;Scherle, Peggy A.;Jezak, Heather;Solomon, Kimberly A.;Carter, Percy H.;Decicco, Carl P.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2008.Formula: C10H17NO2 This article mentions the following:

A series of cis-3,4-disubstituted piperidines was synthesized and evaluated as CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonists. Compound I (R = nPr) emerged with an attractive profile, possessing excellent binding (CCR2 IC₅₀ = 3.4 nM) and functional antagonism (calcium flux IC₅₀ = 2.0 nM and chemotaxis IC₅₀ = 5.4 nM). Studies to explore the binding of these piperidine analogs utilized a key CCR2 receptor mutant (E291A) with compound I (R = H) and revealed a significant reliance on Glu291 for binding. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate (cas: 85838-94-4Formula: C10H17NO2).

tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate (cas: 85838-94-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Formula: C10H17NO2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Selective CB2 receptor agonists. Part 2: Structure-activity relationship studies and optimization of proline-based compounds was written by Riether, Doris;Zindell, Renee;Wu, Lifen;Betageri, Raj;Jenkins, James E.;Khor, Someina;Berry, Angela K.;Hickey, Eugene R.;Ermann, Monika;Albrecht, Claudia;Ceci, Angelo;Gemkow, Mark J.;Nagaraja, Nelamangala V.;Romig, Helmut;Sauer, Achim;Thomson, David S.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2015.Electric Literature of C6H3FN2 This article mentions the following:

Through a ligand-based pharmacophore model (S)-proline based compounds were identified as potent cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonists with high selectivity over the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1). Structure-activity relationship investigations for this compound class lead to oxo-proline compounds I and II which combine an impressive CB1 selectivity profile with good pharmacokinetic properties. In a streptozotocin induced diabetic neuropathy model, II demonstrated a dose-dependent reversal of mech. hyperalgesia. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Fluoronicotinonitrile (cas: 3939-12-6Electric Literature of C6H3FN2).

6-Fluoronicotinonitrile (cas: 3939-12-6) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Electric Literature of C6H3FN2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis and stereochemistry of quinolizidine and the monomethylquinolizidines, and of their salts and quaternary salts was written by Moynehan, T. M.;Schofield, K.;Jones, Richard A. Y.;Katritzky, A. R.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1962.Electric Literature of C7H6N2 This article mentions the following:

Infrared and proton resonance spectra of quinolizidine and both racemic forms of 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-methylquinolizidine indicate that in all except one of these compounds the ring system exists predominantly in the trans fused conformation. The exception is that 4-methylquinolizidine in which the 10- and 4-hydrogen atom are trans with respect to each other; this compound appears to adopt preferentially the conformation in which the rings are cis fused and the methyl group is equatorial. The stereochemistry of the proton salts of these bases is very similar to that of the free bases. The two possible methiodides of quinolizidine have been obtained, one by quaternization of quinolizidine, the other by cyclization of 2-iodo-4-butyl-1-methylpiperidine. Proton resonance spectra of the methiodides indicate that the one formed by direct quaternization contains the trans fused ring structure, arid that formed by cyclization the cis fused ring structure. Generally, quaternization of methylquinolizidines which contain in the trans fused conformation an axial methyl group on the same side of the molecule as the nitrogen lone-pair leads to salts with the cis fused ring configuration. The problem of the size of the nitrogen lonepair is discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4Electric Literature of C7H6N2).

4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Electric Literature of C7H6N2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Cobalt-Catalyzed Mild Ring-Opening Addition of Arenes C-H Bond to 7-Oxabicyclic Alkenes was written by Muralirajan, Krishnamoorthy;Prakash, Sekar;Cheng, Chien-Hong. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2017.Electric Literature of C12H11N This article mentions the following:

A mild approach for a Cp*Co(III)-catalyzed C-H naphthylation of arenes by 7-oxabicyclic alkenes has been developed. In some cases, intermediate products with a 1,2-dihydronaphthalen-1-ol group have been isolated at room temperature in good yield. The catalytic reaction proceeds via C-H activation, insertion, β-oxygen elimination, protonation, and dehydration, resp. These simple protocols, featuring mild conditions and tolerance of functional groups, exhibit great potential for a variety of synthetic applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9Electric Literature of C12H11N).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Electric Literature of C12H11N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Novel poly(ether sulfone) with tetraphenyl bipyrimidine unit for gas separation was written by Han, Xiaocui;Jin, Sizhuo;Zhang, Jianrui;Yue, Cheng;Zhang, Haibo;Pang, Jinhui;Jiang, Zhenhua. And the article was included in Polymer in 2020.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

A series of poly(ether sulfone) (PES) containing the tetra-Ph bipyrimidine unit (PES-TPhbpy-x) was prepared by nucleophilic polycondensation to improve the gas separation performance of PES. PES-TPhbpy-x exhibited a high mol. weight, excellent mech. properties, and could form robust membranes. With increasing TPhbpy unit content in PES-TPhbpy-x, the glass transition temperature and heat resistance increased. WAXD anal. revealed that the d-spacing of PES-TPhbpy-x is larger than that of PES. TPhbpy unit could hinder the polymer chain packing and enhance the rigidness of the polymers. Compared with PES, PES-TPhbpy-x exhibited an excellent gas separation performance. The CO₂ permeability of the PES-TPhbpy-100 increased by 570%, and the CO₂/N₂ selectivity and CO₂/CH₄ selectivity increased by 49% and 50%, resp. PES-TPhbpy-100 could form a membrane by the hot-press method. The CO₂ permeability of the PES-TPhbpy-100 membrane prepared by the hot-press method was 12.81 barrer. The CO₂/N₂ and CO₂/CH₄ selectivities were 32.0 and 37.7, which were 27% and 35% higher than those of the PES membrane, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7Category: pyridine-derivatives).

Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem