Tag: 100-200

Tetraalkylammonium-based ionic liquids for a RuCl₃ catalyzed C-H activated homocoupling was written by Muntzeck, Maren;Pippert, Felix;Wilhelm, Rene. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2020.Application of 4373-61-9 This article mentions the following:

[BuEt₃N][NTf₂] Could be a superior ionic liquid in a RuCl₃ catalyzed oxidative C-H activation reaction compared to standard imidazolium-based ionic liquids The tetraalkylammonium-based ionic liquid resulted in higher yields. This could be due to the absence of a possible C-H activation on the tetraalkylammonium-based ionic liquid itself. This side reaction could occur with imidazolium-based ionic liquids The ionic liquid could be recycled and different oxidation agents could be used in the reaction. The best results were obtained with FeCl₃ · 6H₂O and with a combination of LiCl under an oxygen atm. Up to 83% yield were obtained in the homocoupling of 2-arylpyridines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9Application of 4373-61-9).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Application of 4373-61-9

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Zn-promoted regio- and sequence-selective one-pot joining reactions of three components: vinylpyridines, alkyl iodides, and carbonyl compounds (or nitriles) was written by Mineyama, Kenji;Maekawa, Hirofumi;Kohsaka, Akihiro;Yamamoto, Yoshimasa;Nishiguchi, Ikuzo. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2009.Application of 27876-24-0 This article mentions the following:

Addition of alkyl iodides into the solution containing 2-(or 4-)vinylpyridine and carbonyl compounds in the presence of Zn-powder (99.9%) in acetonitrile under refluxing brought about regio- and sequence-selective joining reaction of three components to give the corresponding (2-hydroxyethyl)pyridines e.g. I, in good to moderate yields. On the other hand, 2-(2- or 4-pyridyl)ethyl alkyl ketones e.g. II, were obtained from the similar joining reaction of three components by addition of alkyl iodides into the solution of 2-(or 4-)vinylpyridine, and nitriles in toluene containing Zn-powder (99.9%) under the similar reaction conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Hexylpyridine (cas: 27876-24-0Application of 27876-24-0).

4-Hexylpyridine (cas: 27876-24-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Application of 27876-24-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Discovery of GBT440, an Orally Bioavailable R-State Stabilizer of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin was written by Metcalf, Brian;Chuang, Chihyuan;Dufu, Kobina;Patel, Mira P.;Silva-Garcia, Abel;Johnson, Carl;Lu, Qing;Partridge, James R.;Patskovska, Larysa;Patskovsky, Yury;Almo, Steven C.;Jacobson, Matthew P.;Hua, Lan;Xu, Qing;Gwaltney, Stephen L.;Yee, Calvin;Harris, Jason;Morgan, Bradley P.;James, Joyce;Xu, Donghong;Hutchaleelaha, Athiwat;Paulvannan, Kumar;Oksenberg, Donna;Li, Zhe. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2017.Application In Synthesis of 5-Hydroxy-2-methoxylpyridine This article mentions the following:

The authors report the discovery of a new potent allosteric effector of sickle cell Hb, GBT440 I, that increases the affinity of Hb for oxygen and consequently inhibits its polymerization when subjected to hypoxic conditions. Unlike earlier allosteric activators that bind covalently to Hb in a 2:1 stoichiometry, I binds with a 1:1 stoichiometry. Compound I is orally bioavailable and partitions highly and favorably into the red blood cell with a RBC/plasma ratio of �50. This partitioning onto the target protein is anticipated to allow therapeutic concentrations to be achieved in the red blood cell at low plasma concentrations I is in Phase 2 clin. trials for the treatment of sickle cell disease (NCT02285088). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hydroxy-2-methoxylpyridine (cas: 51834-97-0Application In Synthesis of 5-Hydroxy-2-methoxylpyridine).

5-Hydroxy-2-methoxylpyridine (cas: 51834-97-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Application In Synthesis of 5-Hydroxy-2-methoxylpyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Microwave irradiation induced synthesis of 2-amino-4,6-diarylpyridines was written by Wu, Ping;Cai, Xi-Mei;Yan, Chao-Guo. And the article was included in Youji Huaxue in 2006.HPLC of Formula: 17281-59-3 This article mentions the following:

Under microwave irradiation, N-cyanomethylpyridinium chloride reacted with chalcones in the presence of ammonium acetate and acetic acid to give 2-amino-4,6-diarylpyridines in high yields. 2-Aminoduiarylpyridines can also be prepared from one-pot reactions of N-cyanomethylpyridinium chloride with aromatic aldehydes and substituted acetophones. The structures of the products were characterized with ¹H NMR, IR and HPLC-MS spectra. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3HPLC of Formula: 17281-59-3).

1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·molâˆ? in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·molâˆ? in benzene). Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.HPLC of Formula: 17281-59-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Three-Component Ruthenium-Catalyzed meta-C-H Alkylation of Phenol Derivatives was written by Luan, Yu-Yong;Gou, Xue-Ya;Shi, Wei-Yu;Liu, Hong-Chao;Chen, Xi;Liang, Yong-Min. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.SDS of cas: 4783-68-0 This article mentions the following:

Herein, synthesis of phenyl-(pyrimidinyloxyphenyl)butanoates I [R¹ = H, Me, Cl, etc.; R² = H, Me, F, etc; R³ = Me, F; R⁴ = Ph, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, etc.; R² = R³ = Me, F; R⁵ = OEt, piperidin-1-yl, N(n-Bu)₂] via three-component ruthenium catalyzed C-H alkylation of phenoxypyrimidines and vinylbenzene and ethyl-bromo-difluoroacetates/alkyl bromides was reported. This strategy exhibited good substrates suitability and functional group tolerance with various phenol derivatives, which provided a synthetic potential drug approach. Mechanistic studies showed that a radical process might be involved in this process. In addition, the meta alkylated phenol was obtained by further removal of the directing group. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0SDS of cas: 4783-68-0).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.SDS of cas: 4783-68-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ion speciation: a key for the understanding of the solution properties of ionic liquid mixtures was written by Kurnia, Kiki Adi;Fernandes, Ana M.;Pinho, Simao P.;Coutinho, Joao A. P.. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics in 2019.Recommanded Product: 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride This article mentions the following:

Recently, combinations of two (or more) ionic liquids, known as ionic liquid mixtures, have become popular and have a broad range of applications. However, the fundamental knowledge on the mol. interactions that exist in ionic liquid mixtures is far from being understood. In this work, the exptl. measurement of the water activity coefficient and computational modeling using Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvent (COSMO-RS) were carried out to get an insight into the mol. interactions that are present in ionic liquid mixtures in aqueous solution The results show that the combination of two ionic liquids of different basicity in aqueous solution allows fine tuning of the water activities, covering a wide range of values that could replace several pure fluids. This is an important feature resulting from the unexpected ion speciation of the ionic liquid mixtures in aqueous solution In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3Recommanded Product: 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride).

1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Recommanded Product: 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis, anti-tumour activity, and mechanism of benzoyl hydrazine Schiff base-copper complexes was written by Chen, Meixu;Chen, Xin;Huang, Guidong;Jiang, Yanlin;Gou, Yi;Deng, Jungang. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2022.COA of Formula: C12H9NO This article mentions the following:

Four new complexes of Cu(II) coordinated to a benzoyl hydrazine Schiff base-[Cu(L1)Cl] (C1), [Cu(L1)Py] (C2), [Cu(L2)NO₃] (C3), [Cu(L3)NO₃] (C4) were synthesized and characterized. X-ray crystallog. results indicated that all complexes had four-coordinated Cu centers. The mol. structures of the complexes were altered by linking the Ph or pyridyl group with the ligand branch or by attaching a 2nd ligand (Py, pyridine) to the Cu center. The IC₅₀ values of the four complexes acting on the selected tumor cells were 2.69-16.32μM. The C1 and C2 complexes could up-regulate the expression of p21 to down-regulate the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and CDK2, which caused the cell cycle to be arrested in the G1 phase. Further studies revealed that the C2 complex was able to stabilize G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structure, including that of the proto-oncogene c-kit and the Pu27 sequence situating the promoter region of c-myc, which led to the significant inhibition the expression of c-myc and c-kit. This affected the expression of downstream proteins, such as hTERT and Bcl-2, ultimately inducing apoptosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1COA of Formula: C12H9NO).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. COA of Formula: C12H9NO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

A simple coumarin based “fluorescent On” probe for the selective detection of Al³⁺ along with its application in live cell imaging via AGS cell line was written by Gharami, Saswati;Aich, Krishnendu;Ghosh, Paramita;Patra, Lakshman;Murmu, Nabendu;Mondal, Tapan Kumar. And the article was included in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry in 2020.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

A new coumarin based fluorescent switch (HCBP) has been fabricated which displays high selective sensing towards Al³⁺ among other metal cations at physiol. pH. On gradual addition of Al³⁺ specifically, HCBP shows a brilliant “turn-on” emission enhancement of about âˆ?3-fold with about 50 nm red shift at 481 nm in MeOH/H₂O (1/1, volume/volume) solution The fluorescent switch is proven to be a reversible probe by addition of EDTA gradually into the HCBP-Al³⁺ solution Detection limit as well as Binding constant values have been calculated and found to be in the order of 10^-9 M and 10³ M^-1 resp. DFT and TDDFT studies are conducted with the probe to establish a similarity between theor. and exptl. outcomes. We can also use this new fluorescent switch as a biomarker kit as it has shown a brilliant potential in the application of live cell imaging using gastric cancer cell (AGS cell). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1Category: pyridine-derivatives).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The Mechanism of Orotidine 5′-Monophosphate Decarboxylase: Catalysis by Destabilization of the Substrate was written by Feng, Wan Yong;Austin, Travis J.;Chew, Frank;Gronert, Scott;Wu, Weiming. And the article was included in Biochemistry in 2000.Name: 1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid This article mentions the following:

The mechanism of orotidine 5′-monophosphate decarboxylase (OMP decarboxylase, ODCase) was studied using the decarboxylation of orotic acid analogs as a model system. The rate of decarboxylation of 1,3-dimethylorotic acid and its analogs as well as the stability of their corresponding carbanion intermediates was determined The results have shown that the stability of the carbanion intermediate is not a critical factor in the rate of decarboxylation. On the other hand, the reaction rate is largely dependent on the equilibrium constant for the formation of a zwitterion. Based on these results, we have proposed a new mechanism in which ODCase catalyzes the decarboxylation of OMP by binding the substrate in a zwitterionic form and providing a destabilizing environment for the carboxylate group of OMP. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 59864-31-2Name: 1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid).

1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 59864-31-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Name: 1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Design and synthesis of non-symmetric phenylpyridine type ligands. Experimental and theoretical studies of their corresponding iridium complexes was written by Iturbe, C.;Loeb, B.;Barrera, M.;Brito, I.;Canete, A.. And the article was included in Polyhedron in 2016.Reference of 4373-61-9 This article mentions the following:

In this work three nonsym. phenylpyridine type ligands, L1, L2 and L3, were designed, and their corresponding Ir complexes, C1, C2 and C3, synthesized, to understand the effect of ligand asymmetry on the properties of the complexes, and to explore their potentiality in light emitting devices. The complexes were structurally characterized by NMR experiments and by x-ray Diffraction, and physicochem. by technics as UV/visible and cyclic voltammetry. Theor. DFT calculations of the energy and electronic d. of the frontier orbitals of the complexes under study were also performed. The energy of the HOMO and LUMO correlated well with the exptl. electrochem. data, and supported the understanding of the processes observed In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9Reference of 4373-61-9).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Reference of 4373-61-9

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem