Tag: 100-200

Purification of vitamins from tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) using ethanolic two-phases systems based on ionic liquids and polypropylene glycol was written by Lima, Thailan Souza Pereira;Borges, Milena Morgado;Buarque, Filipe Smith;Souza, Ranyere Lucena de;Soares, Cleide Mara Faria;Lima, Alvaro Silva. And the article was included in Fluid Phase Equilibria in 2022.Computed Properties of C10H16ClN This article mentions the following:

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) represent the second most produced and consumed vegetable crop in the world and can be considered a source of various nutrients, such as minerals, fiber, phenolic compounds, and vitamins A (precursors: β-carotene) and E (α -tocopherol). The actions of vitamins in the regulation of biol. functions and disease prevention have encouraged the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries to formulate new products. In this sense, extraction procedures integrated with purification protocols should be increasingly considered. This work aims to extract β-carotene and α-tocopherol from tomatoes using ethanol followed by an integrated purification procedure in ethanolic two-phase systems (ETPSs). Initially, phase diagrams for systems based on polypropylene glycol (PPG) + ionic liquids (IL) + ethanol were constructed at 298.15 ± 1.00 K and 0.10 ± 0.01 MPa. The driving force for phase separation is the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance between the constituents of the system, with the largest biphasic region formed by PPG with a higher mol. weight (PPG 4000), IL formed by short alkyl chain cations, the pyridinium family [C₂mpyr]⁺, and anion [CH₃SO₃]^–. The partitioning of β-carotene and α-tocopherol (pure mols.) was selective with preferential migration of β-carotene to the bottom phase (IL-rich), while α-tocopherol migrated preferentially to the top phase (PPG-rich). In real systems using tomatoes and the best condition of the model system formed by PPG-4000 (18.04 wt%) + [C₂mim]Cl (45.56 wt%) and ethanol (36.04 wt%), the partitioning was similar, and the purity was 2.82-fold for β-carotene in the bottom phase and 171.89-fold for α-tocopherol in the top phase. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3Computed Properties of C10H16ClN).

1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Computed Properties of C10H16ClN

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Production of furan compounds from Cryptomeria japonica using pyridinium chloride under various conditions was written by Yoshioka, Koichi;Yamada, Tatsuhiko;Ohno, Hiroyuki;Miyafuji, Hisashi. And the article was included in BioResources in 2018.Formula: C5H6ClN This article mentions the following:

Cryptomeria japonica was treated with pyridinium chloride ([Py]Cl)-water mixtures under various conditions to determine the optimum conditions for efficient production of furan compounds, such as 2-hydroxyacetylfuran (2- HAF), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and furfural. The maximum total yield of furan compounds, i.e., 9.24 weight%, was obtained by the treatment of C. japonica with a 90% [Py]Cl and 10% water (weight/weight) solution for 30 min at 120 °C with a sample loading of 6 weight%. The highest yield of 2-HAF from C. japonica was obtained by treatment for 3 min at 160 °C without the addition of water, although the total yield of furan compounds was lower than that obtained under the optimum treatment conditions. Scale-up of this process for efficient production of furan compounds from C. japonica was successfully performed under the optimum treatment conditions. In addition, the yields of 2-HAF and 5-HMF increased when ball-milled C. japonica containing low-crystallinity cellulose was treated under the optimum conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7Formula: C5H6ClN).

Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. Formula: C5H6ClN

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Push-Pull Stabilization of Parent Monochlorosilylenes was written by Hickox, Hunter P.;Wang, Yuzhong;Xie, Yaoming;Wei, Pingrong;Schaefer, Henry F.;Robinson, Gregory H.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2016.Recommanded Product: 628-13-7 This article mentions the following:

While reaction of carbene-stabilized disilicon LSi:SiL (L: = C{N(2,6-ⁱPr₂C₆H₃)CH}₂) (8) with HCl·NC₅H₅ results in carbene-stabilized Si₂Cl₂ (2) and substituted 1H-imidazole (9), combination of the corresponding Fe(CO)₄-modified disilicon carbene complex LSi:Si[Fe(CO)₄]L (6) with pyridine hydrochloride gives a species containing two push-pull-stabilized parent monochlorosilylenes that are bridged by an Fe(CO)₃ unit (7). The nature of 7 was further elucidated by spectroscopic, crystallog., and computational methods. Spectroscopic data suggest that 7 exists as two diastereoisomers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7Recommanded Product: 628-13-7).

Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Recommanded Product: 628-13-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Pyridine hydrochloride-promoted C-C bond cleavage approach: A metal-free and peroxide-free facile method for the synthesis of amide derivatives was written by Liu, Aqin;Li, Yanwu;Zhang, Xiuyu;Kuang, Qiulin;Li, Suzhen;Liao, Siwei;Huang, Xin;Wang, Yin;Xu, Ping;Wu, Huili;Guo, Mengyi;Ma, Wanqian;Song, Yibo;Hu, Xueyuan;Yuan, Jianyong. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2022.Application of 628-13-7 This article mentions the following:

An efficient method for the synthesis of amide derivatives RNHC(O)R¹ (R = Ph, 2-OHC₆H₄, 2-OH-5-MeC₆H₃, etc.; R¹ = Me, Et) by the direct reactions of aromatic amines RNH₂ with 1,3-diketones R¹C(O)CH₂C(O)R² (R² = Me, Et, Ph, etc.)promoted by pyridine hydrochloride under metal-free and solvent-free conditions was reported. This transformation was accomplished by cleavage of C-C bond in the presence of pyridine hydrochloride as additive, which excludes the use of transition-metals and harsh reaction conditions. This method has a broad substrate scope and good tolerance for sensitive functional groups. A multi-gram scale reaction is also performed to ensure the scalability of the reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7Application of 628-13-7).

Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Application of 628-13-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Olefination via Cu-Mediated Dehydroacylation of Unstrained Ketones was written by Zhou, Xukai;Xu, Yan;Dong, Guangbin. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Name: 4-Methylpicolinonitrile This article mentions the following:

The dehydroacylation of ketones to olefins was realized under mild conditions, which exhibited a unique reaction pathway involving aromatization-driven C-C cleavage to remove the acyl moiety, followed by Cu-mediated oxidative elimination to form an alkene between the α and β carbons. The newly adopted N’-methylpicolinohydrazonamide (MPHA) reagent was key to enable efficient cleavage of ketone C-C bonds at room temperature Diverse alkyl- and aryl-substituted olefins, dienes and special alkenes were generated with broad functional group tolerance. Strategic applications of this method were also demonstrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4Name: 4-Methylpicolinonitrile).

4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Name: 4-Methylpicolinonitrile

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis and SAR study of pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-7(6H)-one derivatives as melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCH-R1) antagonists was written by Lim, Chae Jo;Kim, Ji Young;Lee, Byung Ho;Oh, Kwang-Seok;Yi, Kyu Yang. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2013.COA of Formula: C8H9NO2 This article mentions the following:

The discovery and optimization of novel pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-7(6H)-one MCH-R1 antagonists are described. A systematic SAR study probing the effects of aryl-, benzyl- and arylthio-substituents at the 2-position of the pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-7(6H)-ones led to identification of the 2-[(4-fluorophenyl)thio] derivative 7b as a highly potent MCH-R1 antagonist. This compound also has favorable pharmacokinetic properties along with a high metabolic stability and a minimal impact on CYP isoforms and hERG. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3-methylpicolinate (cas: 59718-84-2COA of Formula: C8H9NO2).

Methyl 3-methylpicolinate (cas: 59718-84-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.COA of Formula: C8H9NO2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Electrochemically enabled rhodium-catalyzed [4+2] annulations of arenes with alkynes was written by Wang, Zi-Chen;Li, Rui-Tao;Ma, Qiang;Chen, Jia-Yi;Ni, Shao-Fei;Li, Ming;Wen, Li-Rong;Zhang, Lin-Bao. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2021.COA of Formula: C12H11N This article mentions the following:

Electrochem. driven, Rh(III)-catalyzed regioselective annulations of arenes with alkynes was established. The strategy, combining the use of a rhodium catalyst with electricity, not only avoided the need for using a stoichiometric amount of external oxidant, but also ensured that the transformations proceeded under mild and green conditions, which enabled broad functional group compatibility with a variety of substrates, including drugs and pharmaceutical motifs. Moreover, the electrolysis reaction was made operationally simple by employing an undivided cell and proceeded efficiently in aqueous solution in air. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9COA of Formula: C12H11N).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.COA of Formula: C12H11N

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Reaction of aromatic N-oxides with dipolarophiles. XVII. Cycloaddition behavior of allenes toward pyridine N-oxides and formation of azetidine-type cycloadduct was written by Matsuoka, Toshikazu;Hasegawa, Tomoaki;Harano, Kazunobu;Hisano, Takuzo. And the article was included in Heterocycles in 1992.Recommanded Product: 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide This article mentions the following:

Reaction of 3,5-dimethylpyridine N-oxide with PhSO₂CH:C:CH₂ in CHCl₃ at room temperature gave a mixture of the 1:1 [1,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement product I and 1:2 azetidine-type cycloadduct II. The structure of II was determined by single crystal x-ray anal. The reaction behavior and the regioselectivity are discussed in terms of the frontier MO considerations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8Recommanded Product: 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide).

3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Recommanded Product: 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Pyridinium ylides in synthesis. II. Acylation and the synthesis of β-dicarbonyl compounds was written by Henrick, C. A.;Ritchie, E.;Taylor, Walter Charles. And the article was included in Australian Journal of Chemistry in 1967.Safety of 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride This article mentions the following:

The acylation of N-pyridinium ylides with acid chlorides or anhydrides yields C-acylated ylides which may be reductively cleaved to yield β-diketones or β-keto esters, depending on the starting materials. The uv, ir, and N.M.R. spectra of the ylides are discussed. 34 references. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3Safety of 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride).

1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Safety of 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Discovery of (R)-6-Cyclopentyl-6-(2-(2,6-diethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl)-3-((5,7-dimethyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl)-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one (PF-00868554) as a Potent and Orally Available Hepatitis C Virus Polymerase Inhibitor was written by Li, Hui;Tatlock, John;Linton, Angelica;Gonzalez, Javier;Jewell, Tanya;Patel, Leena;Ludlum, Sarah;Drowns, Matthew;Rahavendran, Sadayappan V.;Skor, Heather;Hunter, Robert;Shi, Stephanie T.;Herlihy, Koleen J.;Parge, Hans;Hickey, Michael;Yu, Xiu;Chau, Fannie;Nonomiya, Jim;Lewis, Cristina. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.Related Products of 156761-88-5 This article mentions the following:

The HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase has emerged as one of the key targets for novel anti-HCV therapy development. Herein, we report the optimization of the dihydropyrone series inhibitors to improve compound aqueous solubility and reduce CYP2D6 inhibition, which led to the discovery of compound 24 (PF-00868554)(I). Compound 24 is a potent and selective HCV polymerase inhibitor with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and has recently entered a phase II clin. evaluation in patients with genotype 1 HCV. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-2-ethylpyridine (cas: 156761-88-5Related Products of 156761-88-5).

4-Bromo-2-ethylpyridine (cas: 156761-88-5) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Related Products of 156761-88-5

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem