Tag: 100-200

Palladium-Catalyzed Methoxycarbonylation of 1,3-Butadiene to Methyl-3-Pentenoate: Introduction of a Continuous Process was written by Han, Li-Jun;Rao, Chong-Shun;Ma, Shuang-Shuang;Sheng, Gui-Yang;Zhang, Jun-Ping;Xu, Bao-Hua. And the article was included in Journal of Catalysis in 2021.Application In Synthesis of 4-Hexylpyridine This article mentions the following:

The base-assisted Pd(cod)Cl₂/xantphos-catalyzed methoxycarbonylation of 1,3-butadiene (BD) to methyl-3-pentenoate (MP) was explored. Mechanistic studies suggested excessive xantphos (beyond an equimolar amount per Pd) as well as its substitute, pyridines of proper steric and electronic functionality, do participate catalytic cycle and significantly reduce activation energy by accelerating rate-limiting methanolysis step. As thus, all reaction parameters, especially solvents, were optimized based on Pd(cod)Cl₂/Xantphos/4-hexylpyridine catalytic system, enabling construction of a continuous process. Systematic optimization demonstrated that a yield of 82% of MP with a purity of 99.8% could be reached under steady-state operation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Hexylpyridine (cas: 27876-24-0Application In Synthesis of 4-Hexylpyridine).

4-Hexylpyridine (cas: 27876-24-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Application In Synthesis of 4-Hexylpyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Chemical shift of meso-carbon: a powerful probe to determine the coordination structure and electron configuration of ferric porphyrin complexes was written by Nakamura, Mikio;Hoshino, Akito;Ikezaki, Akira;Ikeue, Takahisa. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2003.HPLC of Formula: 3718-65-8 This article mentions the following:

The meso-¹³C chem. shifts were revealed to serve as a powerful probe to determine the coordination structure (five vs. six coordinate) and electron configuration (high spin vs. low spin) of ferric porphyrin complexes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8HPLC of Formula: 3718-65-8).

3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.HPLC of Formula: 3718-65-8

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Proton affinities of candidates for positively charged ambient ions in boreal forests was written by Ruusuvuori, K.;Kurten, T.;Ortega, I. K.;Faust, J.;Vehkamaki, H.. And the article was included in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics in 2013.Product Details of 644-98-4 This article mentions the following:

The optimized structures and proton affinities of a total of 81 nitrogen-containing bases, chosen based on field measurements of ambient pos. ions, were studied using the CBS-QB3 quantum chem. method. The results were compared to values given in the National Institute of Standards and Technol. (NIST) Chem. WebBook in cases where a value was listed. The computed values show good agreement with the values listed in NIST. Grouping the mols. based on their mol. formula, the largest calculated proton affinities for each group were also compared with exptl. observed ambient cation concentrations in a boreal forest. This comparison allows us to draw qual. conclusions about the relative ambient concentrations of different nitrogen-containing organic base mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Product Details of 644-98-4).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Product Details of 644-98-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis of the mutagenic 2-amino-1,6-dimethylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (1,6-DMIP) and five of its isomers was written by Lindstroem, Stefan;Ahmad, Tania;Grivas, Spiros. And the article was included in Heterocycles in 1994.Formula: C6H6N2O3 This article mentions the following:

Synthetic routes to 2-amino-1,6(1,5-, 1,7)-dimethylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine I (R = Me), and its 3,5-, 3,6- and 3,7-di-Me isomers II (R = Me) from Me derivatives of 3-hydroxy- or 2-aminopyridine and 2-chloronicotinic acid are described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine (cas: 15128-90-2Formula: C6H6N2O3).

3-Hydroxy-6-methyl-2-nitropyridine (cas: 15128-90-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Formula: C6H6N2O3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Nickel-catalyzed C-O bond reduction of aryl and benzyl 2-pyridyl ethers was written by Li, Jing;Wang, Zhong-Xia. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2018.Product Details of 4783-68-0 This article mentions the following:

The reduction of aryl and benzyl 2-pyridyl ethers with sodium isopropoxide was carried out via nickel-catalyzed C-OPy bond cleavage, giving reductive products in reasonable to excellent yields. This method allowed the 2-pyridyloxy group to be directly removed with high efficiency, mild reaction conditions, and good compatibility of functional groups. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0Product Details of 4783-68-0).

2-Phenoxypyridine (cas: 4783-68-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Product Details of 4783-68-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Palladium complexes of sterically hindered meridonal tridentate NNN ligands was written by Broering, Martin;Kleeberg, Christian. And the article was included in Inorganica Chimica Acta in 2007.Name: 3,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine This article mentions the following:

Pd(bai)(OAc) (Hbai = new 1,3-bis(arylimino)isoindoline ligands, 1,3-bis(3,6-dimethylpyridylimino)-α,α’-dimethoxyisoindoline H(3,6-MepMeOi) (5) and 1,3-bis(4-methyl-5-isopropylthiazolylimino)isoindoline H(iPrbti) (6)) were prepared from com. precursors and Pd(OAc)₂ in 4 and 3 steps, resp. Pd(bai)(OAc) 7 and 8, resp., were characterized by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and could be further studied by single crystal x-ray diffraction studies. The mol. structures of 7·2CHCl₃ and 8 show differences in the conformational fine-tuning and unravel a higher degree of similarity with related tripyrrinates for the bti derivative 8 than for the bpi species 7. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine (cas: 823-61-0Name: 3,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine).

3,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine (cas: 823-61-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Name: 3,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Asymmetrical synthesis of fluorinated 2-(pyridin-2-yl) alkylamine from fluoromethyl sulfinyl imines and 2-alkylpyridines was written by Yang, Jialin;Zhang, Jiali;Meng, Weidong;Huang, Yangen. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2015.Product Details of 644-98-4 This article mentions the following:

A novel strategy was developed to synthesize fluorinated 2-(pyridin-2-yl) alkylamines via condensation of 2-alkylpyridines and chiral fluoromethyl N-tert-Bu sulfinyl imines with good diastereo-control and good chem. yields. The chiral N-tert-Bu sulfinyl auxiliary can be easily removed under mild acidic condition at room temperature The application of this strategy was demonstrated in the synthesis of a fluorine-containing pesticide candidate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Product Details of 644-98-4).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Product Details of 644-98-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

New benzothiazole based copper(II) hydrazone Schiff base complexes for selective and environmentally friendly oxidation of benzylic alcohols: The importance of the bimetallic species tuned by the choice of the counterion was written by Bocian, Aleksandra;Gorczynski, Adam;Marcinkowski, Damian;Witomska, Samanta;Kubicki, Maciej;Mech, Paulina;Bogunia, Malgorzata;Brzeski, Jakub;Makowski, Mariusz;Pawluc, Piotr;Patroniak, Violetta. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Liquids in 2020.Quality Control of Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone This article mentions the following:

Green and sustainable chem. approaches necessitate an ongoing investigation toward new, environmentally benign and selective catalysts. The authors have thus prepared a new benzothiazole-scaffold hydrazone Schiff base ligand L and coordinated it with copper(II) ions leading to five different complexes, the form of which in the solid state is counterion-dependent. Nitrate, chloride and triflate anions lead to monometallic species, whereas utilization of sulfates and tetrafluoroborates is responsible for the formation of bimetallic assemblies. The catalytic efficiency of synthesized compounds was shown in Cu-TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-l-piperidinoxyl) aerobic oxidation of activated alcs. resulting in good to excellent conversions and 100% selectivity to form the corresponding aldehydes. Considering the exptl. results and d. functional theory calculations we propose two most plausible reaction mechanisms that further corroborate the enhanced activity of bimetallic species. It appears that the tridentate character of the ligand sacrifices some of the overall catalytic efficiency for the selectivity of the process. Aqueous reaction medium, low catalyst loading, air as oxidant and exclusive oxidative selectivity render these Cu^II complexes promising candidates for further improvement. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1Quality Control of Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone).

Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone (cas: 91-02-1) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Quality Control of Phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanone

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Electron spin resonance and polarographic studies of the anion radicals of heterocyclic amine N-oxide was written by Kubota, Tanekazu;Nishikida, Koichi;Miyazaki, Hiroshi;Iwatani, Kouji;Oishi, Yoshiko. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1968.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

Polarograms of 30 heterocyclic amine N-oxide were recorded in HCONMe2 at ∼25°. E.S.R. spectra of radical anions formed during controlled-potential electrolysis at the potential corresponding to the first reduction wave were observed for 16 of the oxide. The hydrogen (aH) and nitrogen (aN) hyperfine coupling constants were determined by the method of spectral simulation. With 4-cyano- and 4-nitropyridine N-oxide anion radicals, D substitution was used to confirm the anal. Hueckel M.O. calculations with the McLachlan modification, where the necessary parameters were chosen to give agreement with the αH’s of pyrazine N,N’-dioxide, 4-cyanopyridine N-oxide, and pyrazine mono-N-oxide, yielded the following linear relations between calculated spin density, ρ, and exptl. coupling constant for the compounds studied: αH = -25.7σc and aN = 42.6ρN – 6.7(ρc + ρc’) – 19.0ρo. Also, using fewer parameters, αN was satisfactorily expressed by aN = 41.9ρN – 2.1. In addition, E.S.R. spectra of the anion radicals of pyridine N-oxide and its 2,6-dideuterio derivative were observed during electrolysis in liquid NH3. The comparison of the αH’s and aN so observed with the calculated values using the equations above was in good agreement. Also the polarographic data were analyzed in terms of radical stability and were related to the E.S.R. results as follows. The peak height of the a.c. polarogram and the half-wave potential (E1/2) of the first reduction wave are approx. linearly related to the radical stability. Moreover, the E1/2 is in linear relation with the lowest vacant M.O. energy (εLV) and also with the Hammett σ value of a series of substituted pyridine N-oxide. Thus, E1/2 = 2.75εLV – 0.77 and – E1/2 = 1.08σ – 2.19. The results are compared with those of related compounds reported in the literature. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8Category: pyridine-derivatives).

3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. Pyridine-based materials are valued for their optical and physical properties as well as their medical potential. Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ionic Liquids Mediated One-Pot Synthesis of Second Generation 5-Ethoxymethylfurfural (5-EMF); A Potent Biofuel Candidate was written by Naz, Sadia;Uroos, Maliha. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2022.SDS of cas: 125652-55-3 This article mentions the following:

5-Ethoxymethylfurfural (5-EMF) is a promising fuel alternative and biofuel additive due to its high energy potential. Principal method for its synthesis is etherification of hydroxyl group of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), produced by the dehydration of fructose. Currently existing methods for the synthesis of 5-EMF are not industrially feasible due to the issues associated with their starting materials; either they are highly expensive (such as 5-HMF), or compete with food (sugars such as fructose and glucose). Herein, we are reporting a one-pot protocol for the synthesis of 5-EMF using non-food indigenous agricultural waste material, thus completely eliminating the both issues. Cost is also very much reduced due to the utilization of cheap pyridinium based ionic liquids Energy, time and solvents use is also reduced, as reaction is happening in a single pot. The process is optimized first for fructose (73% 5-EMF yield) and glucose (16% 5-EMF), and was then extended for real biopolymeric cellulose (16% 5-EMF) and wheat husk biomass (15% 5-EMF). Product was characterized via HPLC and ¹HNMR spectroscopy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3SDS of cas: 125652-55-3).

1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.SDS of cas: 125652-55-3

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem