Tag: 100-200

Safety of 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridineIn 2021 ,《Titanium Complexes with Functional Alkoxido Ligands for Selective Ethylene Dimerization – A High Throughput Experimentation Approachã€?appeared in ChemCatChem. The author of the article were Grasset, Fabien L.; Welter, Richard; Braunstein, Pierre; Olivier-Bourbigou, Helene; Magna, Lionel. The article conveys some information:

New titanium complexes of general formula [Ti(OR)2(OiPr)2], containing functionalized alkoxido ligands, were developed for the selective catalytic dimerization of ethylene to 1-butene using a combined High Throughput Screening (HTS) / Design of Experiment (DoE) approach. First, a library of 19 ligands was elaborated and a primary screening spotted the phosphorus-functionalized alkoxido ligands as most promising. A second, more focused library containing 8 alkoxidophosphine ligands was then developed. A longer linear spacer between the alkoxido and the phosphorus functions, as in [Ti(19)2(OiPr)2], was found beneficial for this catalytic reaction. After identification of the best co-catalyst (AlEt3) and co-ligand (OBu), final optimization of the reaction conditions was performed using a design of experiments (DoE) approach. The complex [Ti(19)2(OBu)2] was shown to selectively dimerize ethylene in 1-butene (C4(α)=93% (99+%)) at 30 bar C2H4 and 55° with AlEt3 as co-catalyst, resulting in very high activity and selectivity for a mol. titanium catalyst (13000 g gTi-1 h-1, 93% 1-butene). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine(cas: 103-74-2Safety of 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine)

2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine(cas: 103-74-2) belongs to pyridine. The basicity and metallophilic high donor number of these π-deficient systems has long favored them as ligands in metal catalysis. The last decade saw pyridine assume a stronger role as functional group for directed C–H oxidation/activation.Safety of 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Jiang, Chenhui; Chen, Yuqin; Gao, Pan; Zhang, Shuwei; Jia, Xiaodong; Yuan, Yu published an article in Organic Letters. The title of the article was 《Direct Transformation of Nitrogen-Containing Methylheteroarenes to Heteroaryl Nitrile by Sodium Nitriteã€?SDS of cas: 100-48-1 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The cyanation reaction of methylheteroarenes with acetyl chloride and sodium nitrite via the radical process in high yields is reported. According to the control experiments, the reaction mechanism underwent radical progress. It is very useful in the pharmacy industry due to its metal-free and easy treatment conditions. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 4-Cyanopyridine(cas: 100-48-1SDS of cas: 100-48-1)

4-Cyanopyridine(cas: 100-48-1) belongs to pyridine. Pyridines form stable salts with strong acids. Pyridine itself is often used to neutralize acid formed in a reaction and as a basic solvent. SDS of cas: 100-48-1

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

In 2022,Ibrahim, Adel Ehab; El Deeb, Sami; Abdellatef, Hisham Ezzat; Hendawy, Hassan A. M.; El-Abassy, Omar M.; Ibrahim, Hany published an article in Separations. The title of the article was 《Eco-Friendly and Sensitive HPLC and TLC Methods Validated for the Determination of Betahistine in the Presence of Its Process-Related Impurityã€?Name: 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine The author mentioned the following in the article:

Reducing the amounts consumed of organic solvents while keeping good chromatog. performance has been a significant step towards the greening of anal. methodologies. When sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Brij-35 surfactants are combined in a mobile phase, they can be used as a green alternative to organic modifiers. Surfactants have numerous advantages, including low cost and toxicity, safe environmental disposal, and unique selectivity, in addition to high solubilization capabilities. In this research, two highly selective chromatog. methods were adopted for the determination of betahistine (BHS) in the presence of its pharmacopeial impurity 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyridine (HEP). A solvent-free HPLC method was validated, in which the mixture was separated using a C18 column (3.5μm, 75.0 x 4.6 mm) and a mobile phase composed of 0.01 M Brij-35, 0.12 M SDS, and 0.02 M disodium hydrogen phosphate adjusted to a pH of 5.5 using phosphoric acid. The flow rate was 1.5 mL min-1 and the resolved peaks were detected at 260 nm. Another HPTLC-densitometric method was validated using HPTLC aluminum plates coated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase and a developing system consisting of methylene chloride/methanol/ethyl acetate/ammonia (at a ratio of 5:2:2:0.2 by volume); the separated bands were scanned at 260 nm.2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine(cas: 103-74-2Name: 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine) was used in this study.

2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine(cas: 103-74-2) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. Name: 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Anekthanakul, Krittima; Manocheewa, Siriphan; Chienwichai, Kittiphan; Poungsombat, Patcha; Limjiasahapong, Suphitcha; Wanichthanarak, Kwanjeera; Jariyasopit, Narumol; Mathema, Vivek Bhakta; Kuhakarn, Chutima; Reutrakul, Vichai; Phetcharaburanin, Jutarop; Panya, Atikorn; Phonsatta, Natthaporn; Visessanguan, Wonnop; Pomyen, Yotsawat; Sirivatanauksorn, Yongyut; Worawichawong, Suchin; Sathirapongsasuti, Nuankanya; Kitiyakara, Chagriya; Khoomrung, Sakda published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Predicting lupus membranous nephritis using reduced picolinic acid to tryptophan ratio as a urinary biomarkerã€? and you may find the article in iScience.Application In Synthesis of Picolinic acid The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The current gold standard for classifying lupus nephritis (LN) progression is a renal biopsy, which is an invasive procedure. Undergoing a series of biopsies for monitoring disease progression and treatments is unlikely suitable for patients with LN. Thus, there is an urgent need for non-invasive alternative biomarkers that can facilitate LN class diagnosis. Such biomarkers will be very useful in guiding intervention strategies to mitigate or treat patients with LN. Urine samples were collected from two independent cohorts. Patients with LN were classified into proliferative (class III/IV) and membranous (class V) by kidney histopathol. Metabolomics was performed to identify potential metabolites, which could be specific for the classification of membranous LN. The ratio of picolinic acid (Pic) to tryptophan (Trp) ([Pic/Trp] ratio) was found to be a promising candidate for LN diagnostic and membranous classification. It has high potential as an alternative biomarker for the non-invasive diagnosis of LN. In the experiment, the researchers used Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Application In Synthesis of Picolinic acid)

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used as a chelate for alkaline earth metals. Used to prepare picolinato ligated transition metal complexes. In synthetic organic chemistry, has been used as a substrate in the Mitsunobu reaction and in the Hammick reaction.Application In Synthesis of Picolinic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Joshi, Arti; Gupta, Ruby; Sharma, Deepika; Singh, Monika published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《A Mo(VI) based coordination polymer as an antiproliferative agent against cancer cellsã€? and you may find the article in Dalton Transactions.Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Metal ions being an important part of biol. systems are of great interest in the designing of new drugs. Molybdenum is an essential trace element for humans, animals, and plants and naturally present in many enzymes hence its complexes can be expected to serve as potential candidates for biomedical applications. A novel molybdenum-based coordination polymer, [Mo2(μ2-O)O4(2-pyc)2(H2O)], is synthesized by a hydrothermal route and structurally characterized by using single crystal X-Ray diffraction. The structure consists of molybdenum octahedra connected by a bridging oxo ligand and 2-pyc forming a one-dimensional coordination polymer. This Mo coordination polymer was found to show a considerable inhibitory effect with IC50 values of 22.63 μmol L-1, 28.19 μmol L-1, and 20.97 μmol L-1, against HepG2 (human liver cancer), A549 (human lung cancer), and MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cell lines resp. This is the first attempt at exploring the molybdenum-based coordination polymer for antitumor applications. The cell cytotoxicity anal. revealed that the anti-tumor potential of the compound is governed by arresting of the A549, HepG2, and MCF-7 cancer cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy further revealed the binding interaction between the Mo coordination polymer and ctDNA and the binding constant was found to be 5.9 x 103 L mol-1, which is in agreement with those of well-known groove binders. This binding interaction in turn induces apoptosis and necrosis pathways leading to the death of the cancer cells.Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid) was used in this study.

Picolinic acid(cas: 98-98-6) is used in the preparation of 2-Aminodihydro[1,3]thiazines as BACE 2 inhibitors and their preparation and use in the treatment of diabetes.Recommanded Product: Picolinic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Nemeth, Andras Gy.; Szabo, Renata; Orsy, Gyorgy; Mandity, Istvan M.; Keseru, Gyorgy M.; Abranyi-Balogh, Peter published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Continuous-flow synthesis of thioureas, enabled by aqueous polysulfide solutionã€? and you may find the article in Molecules.Synthetic Route of C5H5BrN2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The continuous-flow synthesis of thioureas in a multicomponent reaction starting from isocyanides, amidines, or amines and sulfur was developed. The aqueous polysulfide solution enabled the application of sulfur under homogeneous and mild conditions. The crystallized products were isolated by simple filtration after the removal of the co-solvent, and the sulfur retained in the mother liquid Presenting a wide range of thioureas synthesized by this procedure confirms the utility of the convenient continuous-flow application of sulfur. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Bromopyridin-3-amine(cas: 13534-97-9Synthetic Route of C5H5BrN2)

6-Bromopyridin-3-amine(cas: 13534-97-9) belongs to anime. Milder oxidation, using reagents such as NaOCl, can remove four hydrogen atoms from primary amines of the type RCH2NH2 to form nitriles (R―C≡N), and oxidation with reagents such as MnO2 can remove two hydrogen atoms from secondary amines (R2CH―NHRâ€? to form imines (R2C=NRâ€?. Tertiary amines can be oxidized to enamines (R2C=CHNR2) by a variety of reagents.Synthetic Route of C5H5BrN2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Chung, Hyunho; Kim, Jeongyun; Gonzalez-Montiel, Gisela A.; Ha-Yeon Cheong, Paul; Lee, Hong Geun published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Modular Counter-Fischer-Indole Synthesis through Radical-Enolate Couplingã€? and you may find the article in Organic Letters.Application In Synthesis of 4-Acetylpyridine The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A single-electron transfer mediated modular formation of indoles e.g., 2-phenyl-1H-indole from a 2-iodoaniline derivatives 2-I-3-R-4-R1-5-R2-6-R3C6NH(R4) [R = H, Cl, Br; R1 = H, Me, CN, Br, (tert-butoxy)carbonyl, etc.; R2 = H, Me, OMe, Cl, Br; R3 = H, Cl, Br; R4 = H, Me, Bn, 1-hexyl, cyclohexyl; R2R3 = -CH=CHCH=CH-] and a ketones e.g., acetophenone has been developed. This transition-metal-free reaction shows a broad substrate scope and unconventional regioselectivity trends. Moreover, important functional groups for further transformation are tolerated under the reaction conditions. D. functional theory studies reveal that the reaction proceeds by metal coordination, which converts a disfavored 5-endo-trig cyclization to an accessible 7-endo-trig process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Acetylpyridine(cas: 1122-54-9Application In Synthesis of 4-Acetylpyridine)

4-Acetylpyridine(cas: 1122-54-9) belongs to pyridine. Pyridines form stable salts with strong acids. Pyridine itself is often used to neutralize acid formed in a reaction and as a basic solvent. Application In Synthesis of 4-Acetylpyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Raji Reddy, Chada; Bodasu, Srinivas; Mallesh, Kathe; Prapurna, Y. Lakshmi published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Synthesis of Fused Pyrimido[1,6-a]indolones via Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Cascade Annulationsã€? and you may find the article in Synthesis.Related Products of 128071-75-0 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A novel method for the synthesis of fused pyrimido[1,6-a]-indolone derivatives, e.g., I by annulation of 2-alkynylaryl aldehydes/2-alkynylarylidene ketones with N-(pivaloyloxy)-1H-indole-1-carboxamide catalyzed by rhodium has been accomplished. The reaction proceeds through C-H activation based annulation with alkyne moiety followed by addition of nitrogen on to aldehyde/activated alkene to give the products in moderate to good yields. Highly fluorescent dipyrrinone analogs could be synthesized from the derived products. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Bromonicotinaldehyde(cas: 128071-75-0Related Products of 128071-75-0)

2-Bromonicotinaldehyde(cas: 128071-75-0) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is very deactivated towards electrophilic substitution with respect to benzene. For this reason classical formylation, using methods such as the Gattermann or Vilsmeier reactions, are not generally successful. Related Products of 128071-75-0

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The author of 《Synthesis and characterization of a novel 18F-labeled 2,5-diarylnicotinamide derivative targeting orexin 2 receptorã€?were Watanabe, Hiroyuki; Matsushita, Naoki; Shimizu, Yoichi; Iikuni, Shimpei; Nakamoto, Yuji; Togashi, Kaori; Ono, Masahiro. And the article was published in MedChemComm in 2019. Quality Control of Pyridin-3-ylboronic acid The author mentioned the following in the article:

Orexin 2 receptor (OX2R) is thought to play an important role in the arousal-promoting function, but its distribution and function in the pathophysiol. of orexin-mediated disorders remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we synthesized and characterized a novel 18F-labeled 2,5-diarylnicotinamide (DAN) derivative as a potential positron emission tomog. (PET) probe for in vivo imaging of OX2R. In in vitro binding experiments, [18F]DAN-1 selectively bound to OX2R. In a biodistribution study using normal mice, [18F]DAN-1 displayed moderate brain uptake (2.10% ID per g at 10 min post-injection). In addition, the radioactivity in the mouse brain at 30 min post-injection was significantly decreased by co-injection with nonradioactive DAN-1, but high nonspecific binding was observed These results suggested that further structural modifications of [18F]DAN-1 are needed to use it for imaging OX2R in the brain. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Pyridin-3-ylboronic acid(cas: 1692-25-7Quality Control of Pyridin-3-ylboronic acid)

Pyridin-3-ylboronic acid(cas: 1692-25-7) belongs to pyridine. When pyridine is adsorbed on oxide surfaces or in porous materials, the following species are commonly observed: (i) pyridine coordinated to Lewis acid sites, (ii) pyridine H-bonded to weakly acidic hydroxyls, and (iii) protonated pyridine. At high coverage, physisorbed pyridine and protonated dimers can also be observed.Quality Control of Pyridin-3-ylboronic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The author of 《Synthesis and biological properties of tetranuclear ruthenium complexes containing the bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1,7-heptane ligandã€?were Sun, Biyun; Sundaraneedi, Madhu K.; Southam, Hannah M.; Poole, Robert K.; Musgrave, Ian F.; Keene, F. Richard; Collins, J. Grant. And the article was published in Dalton Transactions in 2019. Reference of 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine The author mentioned the following in the article:

Linear and non-linear tetranuclear ruthenium(II) complexes containing the bridging ligand bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1,7-heptane have been synthesized and their biol. properties examined The min. inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and the min. bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of the ruthenium(II) complexes were determined against six strains of bacteria: Gram-pos. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA); and the Gram-neg. Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains MG1655, APEC, UPEC and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The results showed that both tetranuclear complexes had significant antimicrobial activity, with the non-linear (branched) species (Rubb7-TNL) having slightly higher activity than the corresponding linear analog (Rubb7-TL). The corresponding toxicity against three eukaryotic cell lines – BHK (baby hamster kidney), Caco-2 (heterogeneous human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma) and Hep-G2 (liver carcinoma) – have also been determined Interestingly, both Rubb7-TNL and Rubb7-TL were as toxic to the eukaryotic cells as they were to the bacteria, a rarity for kinetically-inert cationic polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes, and exhibited lower IC50 values than cisplatin over 24-, 48- or 72-h incubation times. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to study the binding of the ruthenium complexes with human serum albumin (HSA). Rubb7-TNL and Rubb7-TL exhibited strong HSA binding, with equilibrium binding constants in the order of 107 M-1. Confocal microscopy was used to examine the cellular localization of Rubb7-TNL in BHK cells. The results indicated that the ruthenium complex localized in the nucleolus. Significant accumulation was also observed in the cytoplasm, but not in the mitochondria. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that Rubb7-TNL is an unlikely candidate as an antimicrobial agent, but may have potential as an anticancer drug.4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine(cas: 1134-35-6Reference of 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) was used in this study.

4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine(cas: 1134-35-6) is used as a chemical Intermediate. It can be used for the determination of ferrous and cyanide compounds.Reference of 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine Furthermore, 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine is used in the synthesis of a series of o-phenanthroline-substituted ruthenium(II) complexes.

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem