Tag: 100-200

Takata, Toshihiro published an article in 1962, the title of the article was Synthesis of methylpyridine and 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives.Safety of 3-Methylpyridine-2,6-diamine And the article contains the following content:

When a mixture of 43 g. α,α’-dimethylglutaronitrile (I) and 30 g. NaNH2 in 258 ml. HCONH2 was kept for 2 days, filtered, and washed with PrOH and EtOAc, 41 g. α,α’-dimethylglutarimidine (II), m. 209-10° (decomposition) (absolute EtOH), was obtained. Similarly α-methylglutaronitrile gave 70% of α-methylglutarimidine (III), m. 154-5° (decomposition) (absolute EtOH). Reduction of 7 g. II in 100 ml. absolute EtOH was carried out with 98 g. Na and excess EtOH. Steam distillation of the product and evaporation of the acidified distillate and basification with NaOH gave 4.6 g. 3,5-dimethylpiperidine (IV), b. 144°, d20 0.8532, n20D 1.4560; picrate m. 184°. Reduction of III gave 3-methylpiperidine (V), b. 125-6°, d20 0.8570, n20D 1.4506; picrate m. 105°. Dehydrogenation of 0.5 g. IV with 0.2 g. of a Pd catalyst gave 0.35 g. 3,5-dimethylpyridine (VI), b. 168-71°, d20 0.9096, n20D 1.4501; picrate m. 242-3° (decomposition). 3-Methylpyridine (VII) was obtained similarly from V; picrate m. 149-50°. Dehydrogenation of 1 g. II in 4 ml. Ph2O at 300° for 11 hrs. with Pd catalyst gave 0.3 g. 2,6-diamino-3,5-dimethylpyridine (VIII), m. 186-7° (C6H6). VIII was acetylated with Ac2O in a sealed tube at 170° for 1 hr. to give the tetraacetyl derivative (IX), m. 149° (C6H6). Acetylation of VIII at 95° for 1 hr. gave the diacetyl derivative (X), m. 197°. 2,6-Diamino-3-methylpyridine (XI), m. 156-7°, was obtained in 30% yield by the dehydrogenation of III with Pd catalyst. Treatment of 12.2 g. VII with 16 g. NaNH2 in 16 g. Tetralin at 150-3° for 4 hrs. and at 198-200° for 17 hrs. and pouring the mixture into H2O and extraction with C6H6 and evaporation gave 2.5 g. XI. Acetylation of XI with Ac2O at 170-180° for 3 hrs. gave the triacetyl derivative, m. 142-4°. Acetylation of XI with Ac2O at 90-100° for 1 hr. gave the diacetyl derivative, m. 220-1°. Treatment of 2,4,6-tricyano-n-heptane (XII) with NaNH2 as before gave 3,6-dihydro-2,7-diiminooctahydro-1,8-naphthyridine (XIII), m. 222-4° (decomposition), in 87% yield and 1,3,5-tricyanohexane (XIV) gave 3-methyl-2,7-diiminooctahydro-1,8-naphthyridine (XV), m. 204-6° (decomposition), in 65% yield, while 1,3,5-tricyanopentane (XVI) gave 2,7-diiminooctahydro-1,8-naphthyridine (XVII) in 82% yield. A solution of 1.5 g. XIII in 240 ml. amyl alcohol was reduced with 21 g. Na at 130-40°. Working up as for IV gave 1 g. 3,6-dimethyldecahydro-1,8-naphthyridine (XVIII), m. 162-3° (C6H6); dipicrate m. 213° (decomposition). Similar reductions of 7 g. XV in 800 ml. amyl alcohol and 98 g. Na gave 4 g. 3-methyldecahydro-1,8-naphthyridine (XIX), m. 116-17° [dipicrate m. 205° (decomposition)] and of 1.2 g. XVII with 17 g. Na gave 0.9 g. decahydro-1,8-naphthyridine (XX), m. 116-17° (dipicrate m. 195°). Dehydrogenation of XVIII with a Pd catalyst in Ph2O gave 3,6-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyridine (XXI), m. 191-2° (petr. ether) in 71% yield; picrate m. 210-11° (decomposition). To a mixture of 320 g. CH2(CO2Et)2 (XXII) and 280 g. CH2:CMeCN was added a solution of 11 g. Na in 80 g. EtOH and the mixture stirred at 30-50° for 8 hrs. and at 80-90° for 2 hrs. Addition of HCl, and distillation of the product gave 338 g. α,α’-dimethyl-γ,-γ-dicarbethoxypimelonitrile (XXIII), b2 175°. γ,γ-Dicarbethoxypimeronitrile (XXIV), m. 60-2°, was obtained in 76% yield from 187 g. XXII, and 123 g. acrylonitrile and 10.6 ml. of 30% KOH in aqueous MeOH at room temperature for 2 hrs. XXIII (115 g.) was hydrolyzed with 55 g. KOH in 500 ml. absolute EtOH for a few days at room temperature Addition of water, acidification, and extraction with EtOAc gave α,α’-dimethyl-γ,γ-dicarboxypimelonitrile (XXV), m. 134-6° (decomposition). Similarly XXIV gave the corresponding diacid (XXVI), m. 158°. The K salt of XXV (47.1 g.) in 50% aqueous EtOH was treated with H at 100 atm. below 60° in the presence of 19 g. Raney Ni catalyst and the mixture was concentrated, acidified, and heated at 200° for 3 hrs. Addition of NaOEt in EtOH gave 20 g. 3-(β-methyl-ω-aminopropyl)-5-methyl-2-piperidone (XXVII); picrate m. 184-6°. Pyrolysis of 0.7 g. XXVII at 300° gave after purification as the hydrochloride and basification, 3,6-dimethyltetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridine (XXVIII), m. 110-11°; monopicrate m. 256°. Dehydrogenation of 0.11 g. XXVIII in 2 ml. Ph2O at 250-80° for 20 hrs. in the presence of Pd catalyst gave XXI. Reduction of XXVIII with Na in amyl alcohol gave XVIII. Reduction of 28 g. K salt of XXVI with Raney Ni as for XXV gave 13 g. 3-(ω-aminopropyl)-2-piperidone (XXIX); picrate m. 207°. Pyrolysis of XXIX gave hexahydro-1,8-naphthyridine; picrate m. 228-30°. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Methylpyridine-2,6-diamine(cas: 51566-22-4).Safety of 3-Methylpyridine-2,6-diamine

3-Methylpyridine-2,6-diamine(cas:51566-22-4) belongs to pyridine-derivatives. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Safety of 3-Methylpyridine-2,6-diamine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Prescott, Benjamin published an article in 1971, the title of the article was Protective effect of certain sulfonic acids on the toxicity of lucanthone.Safety of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid And the article contains the following content:

Simultaneous oral administration of 6-thymolsulfonic acid (I) [96-68-4] (1.25 kg/kg) with a lethal dose of the schistosomacidal agent lucanthone (II) [479-50-5] (500 mg/kg) increased the survival time of treated mice. Of 6 sulfonic acid detoxifying agents tested, I was the most effective. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).Safety of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

The Article related to lucanthone toxicity thymolsulfonate, sulfonic acid lucanthone toxicity, schistosomacide lucanthone toxicity, and other aspects.Safety of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On December 31, 2019, Kobayashi, Yuka; Cordonier, Christopher E. J.; Noda, Yohei; Nagase, Fuminori; Enomoto, Junko; Kageyama, Tatsuto; Honma, Hideo; Maruo, Shoji; Fukuda, Junji published an article.SDS of cas: 636-73-7 The title of the article was Tailored cell sheet engineering using microstereolithography and electrochemical cell transfer. And the article contained the following:

Postoperative adhesion and occlusion remain a serious issue associated with various surgeries, including endoscopic surgery, in which proliferated fibrous tissues stick to adjacent tissues and often cause severe complications. Cell sheet engineering has emerged as an effective approach not only for cell transplantation but also for the treatment of postoperative adhesion and occlusion. However, as the tissues in the body, such as middle ear and small intestine, and typical operative sites are non-flat and spatially complicated, tailored cell sheets with three-dimensional (3D) configurations may lead to widespread use of this approach. In the present study, we used microstereolithog., biocompatible gold plating, and electrochem. cell detachment to achieve this purpose. Various objects with dimensions ranging from millimeter- to micrometer-scale were fabricated with photocurable resin using lab-made equipment for microstereolithog. To coat the fabricated objects with a thin gold layer, conventional cyanide-based gold plating was unusable because it severely damaged almost all cells. Electroless non-cyanide gold plating we prepared was cytocompatible and suitable for electrochem. cell detachment. Cell sheets on the gold-plated substrate could be directly transplanted into a mouse i.p. using electrochem. cell detachment. We further demonstrated that cell sheets grown on gold-coated 3D objects were rapidly detached along with the desorption of electroactive-oligopeptide monolayer and transferred to a surrounding hydrogel. This approach may provide a promising strategy to prepare and directly transplant tailor-made cell sheets with suitable configurations. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).SDS of cas: 636-73-7

The Article related to cell sheet engineering microstereolithog gold plating electrochem detachment, Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutics and other aspects.SDS of cas: 636-73-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On July 31, 2004, Panchaud, Philippe; Renaud, Philippe published an article.Name: Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid The title of the article was 3-Pyridinesulfonyl azide: A useful reagent for radical azidation. And the article contained the following:

Radical azidations and carboazidations have been achieved using 3-pyridinesulfonyl azide as azidating agent. Due to its base properties and its polarity, the excess of reagent is readily removed at the end of the reaction by filtration through silica gel or by extraction with either aqueous 1M HCl or 1M CuSO4. The use of this reagent greatly facilitates the tedious purifications of the final azides frequently encountered when reactions are run according to the original procedure involving benzenesulfonyl azide. Thus, reaction of Et 2-iodoacetate with 1-octene in presence of Bu6Sn2/di-tert-Bu hyponitrite/3-pyridinesulfonyl azide in C6H6 gave 80% Et 4-azidodecanoate. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).Name: Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

The Article related to pyridinesulfonyl azide preparation reagent radical azidation, Aliphatic Compounds: Other and other aspects.Name: Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

On January 9, 2003, Hoegberg, Thomas; Rist, Oystein; Hjelmencrantz, Anders; Moldt, Peter; Elling, Christian E.; Schwartz, Thue W.; Gerlach, Lars Ole; Holst Lange, Birgitte published a patent.Recommanded Product: 75449-26-2 The title of the patent was Metal ion binding-based chemical libraries useful for drug discovery processes. And the patent contained the following:

The invention discloses the use of chem. compounds or selections of chem. compounds (libraries) of the general formula R1XFY(R1)GZR1 [F, G = N, O, S, Se, P; X, Y, Z = (un)branched C1-12 alkyl, (hetero)aryl, etc.; R1 = H, ABC; A = coupling or connecting moiety; B = spacer moiety; C = functional group] for in vivo methods for testing or validating the physiol. importance and/or the therapeutic or pharmacol. potential of biol. target mols., notably proteins such as, e.g., receptors and especially 7TM receptors in test animals expressing the biol. target mol. with, notably, a silent, engineered metal ion site. Use of specific metal ion binding sites of a generic nature in specific biol. target mols. such as, e.g. transmembrane proteins wherein the metal-ion binding site is capable of forming a complex with a metal ion is also described. The invention provides chem. compounds or libraries suitable for use in methods for improving the in vivo pharmacokinetic behavior of metal-ion chelates (e.g. the absorption pattern, the plasma half-life, the distribution, the metabolism and/or the elimination of the metal ion chelates). In order to improve the efficacy of the metal ion chelates impact on the biol. target mol. after administration of the metal ion chelate in vivo to a test animal, it is advantageous e.g. to increase the time period during which the metal ion chelate is in the circulatory system and/or localized at the target. Metal ion chelating compounds, which are designed to be suitable for use in a target validation process according to the invention and to libraries of at least two or more of such metal-ion chelating compounds are disclosed. The experimental process involved the reaction of [2,2′-Bipyridine]-3,3′-diamine(cas: 75449-26-2).Recommanded Product: 75449-26-2

The Article related to metal chelate library drug discovery, target protein drug discovery metal chelate library, receptor target drug discovery metal chelate library, Pharmacology: Methods and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 75449-26-2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Molina, Jean A. E.; Alexander, Martin published an article in 1967, the title of the article was The effect of antimetabolites on nodulation and growth of leguminous plants.COA of Formula: C5H5NO3S And the article contains the following content:

The influence of antimetabolites of amino acids, vitamins, auxins, purines, and pyrimidines on nodule formation and growth of legumes was investigated using Lotus corniculatus and excised roots of Phaseolus vulgaris. Many of the antimetabolites were toxic to L. corniculatus plants, P. vulgaris roots, or both at the concentrations tested, but several increased top length without affecting root development of the former species. Nodule abundance on L. corniculatus was increased by indole, 2-phenylbutyric acid, D- and L-leucine, barbituric acid, oxythiamine, and quercetin. α-Picolinic acid, a niacin antagonist, prevented nodule formation by this plant species, although it had no apparent effect on root or top growth or on proliferation of the infective rhizobium in vitro. No such influence on nodulation of L. corniculatus was noted with pyridine-3-sulfonate, another niacin antimetabolite. Benzene hexachloride and α-methylglutamic acid inhibited nodulation without seemingly affecting development of excised bean roots, while pyridine-3-sulfonate markedly enhanced nodulation. Nodulation of excised roots of Medicago saliva and Melilotus alba inoculated with infective rhizobia was demonstrated. 17 references. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).COA of Formula: C5H5NO3S

The Article related to nodulation legumes, niacin legumes nodules, legumes nodulation, indoles legumes nodules, phenylbutyrate legumes nodules, antimetabolites legumes nodules, alfalfa, amino acids, bean, hormones, plant, lotus (genus), medicago sativa, melilotus, phaseolus vulgaris, root nodule, sweet clover, vitamins and other aspects.COA of Formula: C5H5NO3S

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Gaut, Z. N.; Solomon, H. M. published an article in 1971, the title of the article was Inhibition of nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase in human platelet lysate by nicotinic acid analogs.Application In Synthesis of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid And the article contains the following content:

Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase in human platelet lysate has an apparent Km of 24 μM, is Mg2+-dependent, and catalyzes the first step in NAD biosynthesis (substrate: nicotinic acid). The pyridine N and carboxyl groups are important for interaction with the enzyme; large substituents (Br, NH2, CH2OH) in the 2-position of nicotinic acid apparently create steric hindrance of the pyridine N and produce low inhibitory activity for these compounds toward the enzyme. Positions 4 and 5 are also involved sterically since compounds such as 4-hydroxynicotinic acid are not inhibitory (at 0.5mM). The data indicate a size-restricted, hydrophobic region at the enzyme active site to accommodate atoms 4, 5, and possibly 6 of the pyridine ring. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).Application In Synthesis of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

The Article related to nicotine phosphoribosyltransferase inhibition, active site nicotine phosphoribosyltransferase, transferase nicotine phosphoribosyl inhibition, blood platelet, michaelis constant, reaction kinetics, structure-activity relationship and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Dubash, Pesi J.; Rege, Dinanath V. published an article in 1968, the title of the article was Chlorophyll formation in Euglena gracilis var bacillaris. Interference by vitamin analogs.HPLC of Formula: 636-73-7 And the article contains the following content:

The relations between vitamins and chlorophyll synthesis in non-proliferating E. gracilis var bacillaris cells were studied. Although vitamin B12 deficiency increased cell size and cell mass in light-grown Euglena, it did not significantly affect chlorophyll synthesis. Furthermore, inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis by 2,6-diaminopurine, an antimetabolite of vitamin B12, was not abolished by vitamin B12. Other vitamin B12 antimetabolites, such as 6-mercaptopurine, sulfanilamide, and benzimidazole, did not inhibit pigment synthesis. Inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis by isoniazid (2000 μg./ml.) was not relieved by niacin (200 μg./ml.). In fact, niacin itself inhibited both growth and pigment synthesis. However, inhibition by niacin was prevented by pyridine-3-sulfonate (200 g./ml.). Niacin and its analogs, isoniazid and niacinamide, were also more inhibitory to growth in the dark than in the light. Inhibition of growth by niacin in the light was relieved by 1% glucose or pyruvate and by a large concentration (5000 μμg./ml.) of vitamin B12. Aminopterin, deoxypryridoxine, and 2-chloro-p-aminobenzoic acid did not affect chlorophyll synthesis in nonproliferating Euglena. However, 2-chloro-p-aminobenzoic acid (25 μg./ml.) inhibited growth 63.8% in the dark and 54.0% in the light. Thiamine deficiency inhibited growth, and such suboptimally grown Euglena also synthesized less chlorophyll during subsequent illumination under non-proliferation conditions. The neg. growth response of light-grown Euglena to niacin up to concentrations of 70 μg./ml. suggested that this organism could be used for the bioassay of niacin. The 50% growth inhibition level for niacin in the light was 46 μg./ml. 23 references. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).HPLC of Formula: 636-73-7

The Article related to chlorophyll formation euglena, vitamin interference chlorophyll, euglena formation chlorophyll, chlorophylls role: biol (biological study), euglena, vitamins and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 636-73-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Levinson, H. Z.; Barelkovsky, J.; Bar Ilan, A. R. published an article in 1967, the title of the article was Nutritional effects of vitamin omission and anti-vitamin administration on development and longevity of the hide beetle Dermestes maculatus.Reference of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid And the article contains the following content:

The development of newly hatched larvae to adulthood on semisynthetic diets requires most members of the B-vitamin group. Mortality and cannibalism is increased and pupation is decreased in the absence of nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, pyridoxine, folic acid, or all the B-vitamins, while omission of riboflavine or thiamine from the diet permits partial or almost complete development into beetles but only after prolonged periods. There is no specific requirement for inositol. Vitamin antagonists such as 4-deoxypyridoxine, pyridine-3-sulfonic acid, and D-pantothenol, but not pantoyltaurine, prolong all stages of the life period. Neopyrithiamine, on the other hand, strongly reduces the larval period and prevents development. It is probable that the continuous administration of antimetabolites, such as the antivitamins, may have ecological implications on the size of the insect population through a reduction of the annual generation number The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).Reference of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

The Article related to insect vitamin nutrition, antivitamins insect, antimetabolites insect, neopyrithiamine insect, vitamin insect nutrition, nutrition insect vitamin, avidins role: anst (analytical study), dermestes, vitamins and other aspects.Reference of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Grossowicz, N.; Halpern, Y. S. published an article in 1956, the title of the article was Inhibition of nicotinamidase activity in cell-free extracts of Mycobacterium phlei by 3-acetylpyridine.Application In Synthesis of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid And the article contains the following content:

Nicotinic acid, α-picolinic acid, trigonelline, 6-aminonicotinamide, isonicotinoyl hydrazide, pyridine-3-sulfonic acid, and 3-acetylpyridine were tested as inhibitors of nicotinamidase activity in M. phlei, by employing cell-free extracts Only the last was strongly inhibitory. The inhibition was of the competitive type. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid(cas: 636-73-7).Application In Synthesis of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

The Article related to mycobacterium, nicotinic acid/derivatives, pyridines/effects, mycobacterium phlei and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of Pyridine-3-sulfonic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem