Tag: 100-200

The thermal condensation of imidazoles with carbonyl compounds was written by Roe, A. M.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1963.Electric Literature of C7H10N2 This article mentions the following:

1-Substituted 2-(1-hydroxy-1-alkyl-and aryl)imidazoles (I) are obtained by thermal condensation of 1-methyl-, 1-benzyl-, and 1-methoxy-methylimidazole with aldehydes. These and other alc. are also obtained from the Li derivativeof the imidazole. 2-Acetylimidazole has been preparedand characterized. 1,4-Diketones react with imidazole to give imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines (II). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine (cas: 823-61-0Electric Literature of C7H10N2).

3,6-Dimethyl-2-pyridinamine (cas: 823-61-0) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Electric Literature of C7H10N2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Study on “Urea to Urea” Approach: Access to Unsymmetrical Ureas Bearing Pyridyl Substituents was written by Kasatkina, Svetlana O.;Geyl, Kirill K.;Baykov, Sergey V.;Novikov, Mikhail S.;Boyarskiy, Vadim P.. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2022.COA of Formula: C7H9NO This article mentions the following:

A protocol for the synthesis of unsym. ureas substituted by pyridyl/quinolinyl moiety was developed. This method concluded in metal- and base-free reamination of N,N-dimethyl-N’-hetaryl ureas with a wide range of aryl and alkyl amines. The isolated yields varied from 40 to 96% depending on the nucleophilicity of the amines. The scope of this method includes more than 50 examples. The reaction was not hindered by either donor or acceptor groups as well as diverse functionalities. The synthesis was easily scaled to gram quantities. Theor. calculations supported by exptl. data allowed to propose a plausible mechanism for the process. This reaction takes place through the intermediate formation of hetaryl isocyanate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8COA of Formula: C7H9NO).

3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.COA of Formula: C7H9NO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationships of Pyridine-Based Rho Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors was written by Green, Jeremy;Cao, Jingrong;Bandarage, Upul K.;Gao, Huai;Court, John;Marhefka, Craig;Jacobs, Marc;Taslimi, Paul;Newsome, David;Nakayama, Tomoko;Shah, Sundeep;Rodems, Steve. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2015.HPLC of Formula: 3939-14-8 This article mentions the following:

The Rho kinases (ROCK1 and ROCK2) are highly homologous serine/threonine kinases that act on substrates associated with cellular motility, morphol., and contraction and are of therapeutic interest in diseases associated with cellular migration and contraction, such as hypertension, glaucoma, and erectile dysfunction. Beginning with compound 4, an inhibitor of ROCK1 identified through high-throughput screening, systematic exploration of SAR, and application of structure-based design, led to potent and selective ROCK inhibitors. Compound 37 represents significant improvements in inhibition potency, kinase selectivity, and CYP inhibition and possesses pharmacokinetics suitable for in vivo experimentation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Fluoroisonicotinonitrile (cas: 3939-14-8HPLC of Formula: 3939-14-8).

2-Fluoroisonicotinonitrile (cas: 3939-14-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. Reduced pyridines, namely tetrahydropyridines, dihydropyridines and piperidines, are found in numerous natural and synthetic compounds. The synthesis and reactivity of these compounds have often been driven by the fact many of these compounds have interesting and unique pharmacological properties. HPLC of Formula: 3939-14-8

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

The Broad Aryl Acid Specificity of the Amide Bond Synthetase McbA Suggests Potential for the Biocatalytic Synthesis of Amides was written by Petchey, Mark;Cuetos, Anibal;Rowlinson, Benjamin;Dannevald, Stephanie;Frese, Amina;Sutton, Peter W.;Lovelock, Sarah;Lloyd, Richard C.;Fairlamb, Ian J. S.;Grogan, Gideon. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2018.Application In Synthesis of 6-Acetylpicolinic acid This article mentions the following:

Amide bond formation is one of the most important reactions in pharmaceutical synthetic chem. The development of sustainable methods for amide bond formation, including those that are catalyzed by enzymes, is therefore of significant interest. The ATP-dependent amide bond synthetase (ABS) enzyme McbA, from Marinactinospora thermotolerans, catalyzes the formation of amides as part of the biosynthetic pathway towards the marinacarboline secondary metabolites. The reaction proceeds via an adenylate intermediate, with both adenylation and amidation steps catalyzed within one active site. In this study, McbA was applied to the synthesis of pharmaceutical-type amides from a range of aryl carboxylic acids with partner amines provided at 1-5 molar equivalents. The structure of McbA revealed the structural determinants of aryl acid substrate tolerance and differences in conformation associated with the two half reactions catalyzed. The catalytic performance of McbA, coupled with the structure, suggest that this and other ABS enzymes may be engineered for applications in the sustainable synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant (chiral) amides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Acetylpicolinic acid (cas: 122637-39-2Application In Synthesis of 6-Acetylpicolinic acid).

6-Acetylpicolinic acid (cas: 122637-39-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Application In Synthesis of 6-Acetylpicolinic acid

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Thermal properties of 1-alkyl-3-methylpyridinium halide-based ionic liquids was written by Sashina, Elena S.;Kashirskii, Dmitrii A.;Janowska, Grazyna;Zaborski, Marian. And the article was included in Thermochimica Acta in 2013.Category: pyridine-derivatives This article mentions the following:

This study was carried out for the comparison of thermal properties that determine various conditions and methods, including the DSC, thermogravimetry (DTG), and the Boetius heated stage. Series of 1-alkyl-3-methylpyridinium chloride- and bromide-based ionic liquids having alkylic chain lengths ranging from C₂ to C₁₀ were synthesized, and their thermal characteristics were defined: glass transitions, melting and decomposition Detailed thermal properties of ionic liquids, obtained in this work, can be useful in a variety of chem. engineering processes that are related with their application. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3Category: pyridine-derivatives).

1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Cyanation of amine oxide salts. A new synthesis of cyanopyridines was written by Feely, Wayne E.;Beavers, Ellington M.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1959.Safety of 4-Methylpicolinonitrile This article mentions the following:

In general, pyridines, quinolines, and isoquinoline oxidized with 30% H₂O₂ in AcOH according to Ochiai (C.A. 48, 3359i) gave the corresponding amine oxides, which without purification, treated slowly at room temperature with an equimolar quantity of Me₂SO₄ and the mixture heated 2 hrs. on a steam bath gave the N-OMe MeSO₄^– salts (for example, 1-methoxy-2-methylpyridinium methyl sulfate, m. 57-60°, and its 6-Me derivative, m. 95-7°), and these without purification added in aqueous solution to KCN in H₂O gave the cyano derivatives, isolated by filtration (F), distillation (D), recrystallization (R), steam distillation (SD), or extraction with CHCl₃ (E) (product, m.p., % yield, method of isolation, m.p. of picrate given): 4-NCC₅H₄N (I), 80-2°, 32, E or D or R, 200-3°; 2-NCC₅H₄N (II), 22-5°, 49, -, -; 2,6-NCC₅H₃NMe, 71-3°, 48, F or R, 105-8°; 4,2-NCC₅H₃NMe, 46-8°, 10, -, -; 2,4-NCC₅H₃NMe, 89-91°, 40, F or R, 100-2°; 2,3-NCC₅H₃NMe, 87-90°, 36, F or R, 93-5°; 2,5-NCC₅H₃NMe, 73-5°, 6, -, -; 4,3-NCC₅H₃NMe, 51-2°, 6, -, -; 2,4,6-NCC₅H₂NMe₂, 55-6°, 73, E or D, 100-2°; 4,2,6-NCC₅H₂NMe₂, 77-81°, 40, F or E or D, 178-81°; 2,4-(NC)₂C₅H₃N, 88-91°, 54, F or R, -; 2-cyanoquinoline, 94-6°, 93, F or R, -; 2-cyano-4-methylquinoline, 96-8°, 65, F or R, -; 4-cyano-2-methylquinoline, 105-6°, 7.2, SD, -; 1-cyanoisoquinoline, 92-3°, 95, F or R, -. Three methods are described for the preparation of I. C₅H₅N(O) (III) (0.25 mole) refluxed 12 hrs. with 0.25 mole C₉H₁₉I in 200 ml. MeCN and the mixture then cooled in ice yielded 55% (C₅H₅NOC₉H₁₉)I, yellow needles, m. 87-90°. This (0.1 mole) added slowly to 0.3 mole KCN in 150 ml. H₂O, the oily product extracted with ether, and the ether solution extracted with 10% HCl yielded from the ether layer 75% C₉H₁₉OH, b. 210-15°, n²⁰_D 1.4328; phenylurethan m. 62.5-3.5°. The aqueous acid layer neutralized with Na₂CO₃ and extracted with ether yielded 42% I; HCl salt m. 244-7° (decomposition). Also III (0.5 mole) similarly refluxed with 0.2 mole I(CH₂)₁₀I gave [C₅H₅NO(CH₂)₁₀ONC₅H₅]2I, m. 118-20° (decomposition), and this similarly treated with KCN gave a solid instead of an oil, filtered without ether extraction, 82% HO(CH₂)₁₀OH, m. 72-4° (diacetate m. 23-6); from the filtrate was extracted with ether 37% I. Also (C₅H₅NOMe)MeSO₄ (0.5 mole) in 125 ml. H₂O added during 1 hr to 1.5 mole NaCN in 250 ml. H₂O at -5°, the mixture kept 1 addnl. hr. at -5°, stirred 3 hrs. at 20°, extracted with CHCl₃, and the residue from the extract distilled yielded 16% I, b. 208-12°, and 49% II, b. 220-5°. The mechanism of the general reaction of CN^– with such N-methoxy quaternary salts was discussed, in which the intermediate N-methoxy dihydro compound lost H⁺ and OMe^– to reform the aromatic system. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4Safety of 4-Methylpicolinonitrile).

4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Safety of 4-Methylpicolinonitrile

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Nitropyridyl isocyanates in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions was written by Holt, Jarle;Fiksdahl, Anne. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2007.Name: 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide This article mentions the following:

The reactivity of 3-nitropyridin-4-yl isocyanate (I) and 5-nitropyridin-2-yl isocyanate (II) in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with azides and pyridine N-oxides was investigated. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition to Me₃SiN₃ (TMSA) afforded tetrazolinones, 1-(3-nitropyridin-4-yl)- and 1-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)-1H-tetrazol-5(4H)one in 50 and 64% yield, resp. Resp., 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of I and II to 3,5-dimethylpyridine N-oxide, 3-methylpyridine N-oxide, and pyridine N-oxide gave the substituted amines, 3,5-dimethyl-N-(3-nitropyridin-4-yl)pyridin-2-amine, 3,5-dimethyl-N-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine, N-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine, 5-methyl-N-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine, and 3-methyl-N-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine in 65-80% yield, obtained by cycloaddition, rearrangement, and decarboxylation. The results demonstrate that the nitropyridyl isocyanates readily undergo 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions similar to Ph isocyanates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8Name: 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide).

3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Name: 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Ionic liquids as reaction medium in cellulose functionalization was written by Heinze, Thomas;Schwikal, Katrin;Barthel, Susann. And the article was included in Macromolecular Bioscience in 2005.Recommanded Product: 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride This article mentions the following:

The application of different ionic liquids (IL), namely 1-N-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₄mim]⁺Cl^–), 3-methyl-N-butyl-pyridinium chloride and benzyldimethyl(tetradecyl)ammonium chloride were investigated as solvents for cellulose. The ILs used have the ability to dissolve cellulose with a d.p. in the range from 290 to 1200 to a very high concentration Using [C₄mim]⁺Cl^–, no degradation of the polymer appears. By ¹³C NMR measurement it was confirmed that this IL is a so called non-derivatizing solvent. [C₄mim]⁺Cl^– can be applied as a reaction medium for the synthesis of CM-cellulose and cellulose acetate. Without using any catalyst, cellulose derivatives with high degree of substitution could be prepared In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3Recommanded Product: 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride).

1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride (cas: 125652-55-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Recommanded Product: 1-Butyl-3-methylpyridinium Chloride

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Copper(II)-Promoted Mono-Selective ortho C-H Chlorination of Arenes by Using Trimethyl(trichloromethyl)silane was written by Zhu, Zhaobin;Xu, Changming;Wang, Yongchang;Zhao, Li. And the article was included in Synlett in 2018.Name: 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine This article mentions the following:

The first example of a Cu-promoted ortho-chlorination of aryl C-H bonds by using TMSCCl₃as chlorinating agent is reported. This reaction features a high selectivity toward monochlorination over dichlorination, compatibility with a variety of functional groups, and gram-scale synthesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9Name: 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine).

2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine (cas: 4373-61-9) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Name: 2-(m-Tolyl)pyridine

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Regio- and Stereoselective Alkylation of Pyridine-N-oxides: Synthesis of Substituted Piperidines and Pyridines was written by Barange, Deepak Kumar;Johnson, Magnus T.;Cairns, Andrew G.;Olsson, Roger;Almqvist, Fredrik. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2016.Application of 3718-65-8 This article mentions the following:

Regio- and stereoselective addition of alkyl Grignard reagents to pyridine-N-oxides gave C2-alkylated N-hydroxy-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridines and trans-2,3-disubstituted N-hydroxy-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridines in good to excellent yields. These intermediates were aromatized or alternatively reduced in one-pot methodologies for efficient syntheses of alkylpyridines or piperidines, resp. These reactions have a broad substrate scope and short reaction times. The methodol. allows an efficient synthesis of racemic coniine, a toxic alkaloid found in hemlock (Conium maculactum). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8Application of 3718-65-8).

3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Application of 3718-65-8

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem