Tag: 100-200

An electron spin resonance and voltammetric investigation of some 2-mono- and 2,4-disubstituted pyridinyl radicals was written by Greci, Lucedio;Alberti, Angelo;Carelli, Italo;Trazza, Antonio;Casini, Antonio. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2: Physical Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) in 1984.Product Details of 1620-76-4 This article mentions the following:

Reduction of the pyridinium salts I (R = cyano, R¹ = H, Me, CMe₃, cyano; R = CO₂Et, COMe, R¹ = H) with Me₃COK in deoxygenated DMSO was studied by ESR spectroscopy, and the results compared with electrochem. reduction of I. The electrochem. and ESR data were combined to obtain a scale of stability for the radicals II (same R, R¹, R² = Me). N-Methyl-2-cyanopyridinyl, too unstable to be observed, eventually evolved to the 2,4-dicyano-substituted radical. ESR studies on the related germylpyridinyls II (same R, R¹, R² = GePh₃) were also carried out. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4Product Details of 1620-76-4).

4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.Product Details of 1620-76-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Activation of C_sp³-H Bonds and Subsequent Intermolecular Amidation at Room Temperature was written by Huang, Xiaolei;Wang, Yan;Lan, Jingbo;You, Jingsong. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2015.Formula: C9H14N2 This article mentions the following:

Disclosed herein is a Rh^III-catalyzed chelation-assisted activation of unreactive C_sp³-H bonds, thus enabling an intermol. amidation of 2-alkylpyridines I (R¹ = H, 4-Me, 5-F, 5-Me, 5-MeO; R² = R³ = Me, Ph; R² = n-Bu, MeO₂C, EtOCH₂, etc., R³ = Me) with amides and sulfonamides R³NH₂ (R³ = F₃CCO, MeSO₂, 4-O₂NC₆H₄SO₂, etc.) to provide a practical and step-economic route to 2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethanamine derivatives II. Substrates with other N-donor groups (3-isoquinolinyl, cyclohexylideneaminooxy, 5,6-dihydro-1,4,2-dioxazin-3-yl, etc.) are also compatible with the amidation. This protocol proceeds at room temperature, has a relatively broad functional group tolerance and high selectivity, and demonstrates the potential of rhodium(III) in the promotive functionalization of unreactive C_sp³-H bonds. A rhodacycle having a SbF₆^– counterion was identified as a plausible intermediate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine (cas: 199296-39-4Formula: C9H14N2).

2-Methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine (cas: 199296-39-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Formula: C9H14N2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Self-complementary ABC triblock copolymers via ring-opening metathesis polymerization was written by Bazzi, Hassan S.;Bouffard, Jean;Sleiman, Hanadi F.. And the article was included in Macromolecules in 2003.Application In Synthesis of N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of the first self-complementary triblock copolymers was carried out by controlled ring-opening polymerization These copolymer possess ordered sequences of complementary mol. recognition blocks and can be synthesized efficiently with deliberate variation of this sequence. Changing the triblock copolymer sequence results in materials with dramatically different self-assembly properties. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3Application In Synthesis of N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide).

N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide (cas: 1075-62-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Application In Synthesis of N-(6-Aminopyridin-2-yl)acetamide

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Bifunctional Covalent Organic Framework-Derived Electrocatalysts with Modulated p-Band Centers for Rechargeable Zn-Air Batteries was written by Park, Jung Hyun;Lee, Chi Ho;Ju, Jong-Min;Lee, Jun-Hyeong;Seol, Jaehun;Lee, Sang Uck;Kim, Jong-Ho. And the article was included in Advanced Functional Materials in 2021.Electric Literature of C5H6ClN This article mentions the following:

Fine control over the physicochem. structures of carbon electrocatalysts is important for improving the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in rechargeable Zn-air batteries. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are considered good candidate carbon materials because their structures can be precisely controlled. However, it remains a challenge to impart bifunctional electrocatalytic activities for both the ORR and OER to COFs. Herein, a pyridine-linked triazine covalent organic framework (PTCOF) with well-defined active sites and pores is readily prepared under mild conditions, and its electronic structure is modulated by incorporating Co nanoparticles (CoNP-PTCOF) to induce bifunctional electrocatalytic activities for the ORR and OER. The CoNP-PTCOF exhibits lower overpotentials for both ORR and OER with outstanding stability. Computational simulations find that the p-band center of CoNP-PTCOF down-shifted by charge transfer, compared to pristine PTCOF, facilitate the adsorption and desorption of oxygen intermediates on the pyridinic carbon active sites during the reactions. The Zn-air battery assembled with bifunctional CoNP-PTCOF exhibits a small voltage gap of 0.83 V and superior durability for 720 cycles as compared with a battery containing com. Pt/C and RuO₂. This strategy for modulating COF electrocatalytic activities can be extended for designing diverse carbon electrocatalysts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7Electric Literature of C5H6ClN).

Pyridinehydrochloride (cas: 628-13-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Electric Literature of C5H6ClN

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Imidazopiperidine amides as dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes was written by Chen, Ping;Caldwell, Charles G.;Mathvink, Robert J.;Leiting, Barbara;Marsilio, Frank;Patel, Reshma A.;Wu, Joseph K.;He, Huaibing;Lyons, Kathryn A.;Thornberry, Nancy A.;Weber, Ann E.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2007.Name: tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

A series of substituted imidazopiperidine amides has been prepared and evaluated for inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4). Substitution at the 1- and 3-positions produced increased selectivity for DPP-4 relative to DPP-8 and DPP-9. Compounds in this series had IC₅₀ values as low as 5.8 nM for inhibition of DPP-4. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate (cas: 85838-94-4Name: tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate).

tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate (cas: 85838-94-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Name: tert-Butyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Supersonic jet studies of alkyl-substituted pyrazines and pyridines. Minimum-energy conformations and torsional motion was written by Seeman, Jeffrey I.;Paine, John B. III;Secor, Henry V.;Im, Hoong Sun;Bernstein, E. R.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1992.Product Details of 644-98-4 This article mentions the following:

Conformational preference for methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and isopropyl-substituted pyrazines and pyridines are determined by mass resolved excitation spectroscopy (MRES) and MOPAC 5/PM3 semiempirical calculations The results suggest that the conformational behavior of alkyl-substituted pyrazines and pyridines is different from that of alkyl-substituted benzenes. Based on the exptl. and semiempirical theor. results reported herein and published ab initio calculations, this difference can be attributed to a stabilizing interaction between an α-hydrogen atom of the alkyl substituent and the adjacent lone pair nonbonding electrons on the ring nitrogen atom. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4Product Details of 644-98-4).

2-Isopropylpyridine (cas: 644-98-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine is diamagnetic and has a diamagnetic susceptibility of −48.7 × 10−6 cm3·mol−1.The molecular electric dipole moment is 2.2 debyes. The standard enthalpy of formation is 100.2 kJ·mol−1 in the liquid phase and 140.4 kJ·mol−1 in the gas phase. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Product Details of 644-98-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Synthesis of 2-methylthioindolizine-3-carbonitriles using nitroketene dithioacetal was written by Tominaga, Yoshinori;Shiroshita, Yoshihide;Hosomi, Akira. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 1988.Name: 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride This article mentions the following:

The reaction of 1-cyanomethylpyridinium chloride or bromide, with 1,1-bis(methylthio)-2-nitroethylene in the presence of Et₃N in ethanol gave the corresponding 2-methylthioindolizine-3-carbonitrile I (R = H, Ph; R¹ = H, Me, Et; R² = H, Et, Ph, CH₂Ph; R³ = H, Me, Et) and 2-methylthio-1-nitroindolizine-3-carbonitrile in good yields, resp. Compounds I (R-R³ = H; R = R² = H, R¹ = R³ = Me) were key intermediates for the synthesis of cycl[3,2,2]azine derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3Name: 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride).

1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride (cas: 17281-59-3) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Name: 1-(Cyanomethyl)pyridin-1-ium chloride

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Rational Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Deep Blue Phosphorescent Ir(III) Complexes Containing (4′-Substituted-2′-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole Ancillary Ligands was written by Park, Hea Jung;Kim, Ji Na;Yoo, Hyun-Ji;Wee, Kyung-Ryang;Kang, Sang Ook;Cho, Dae Won;Yoon, Ung Chan. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2013.Related Products of 1620-76-4 This article mentions the following:

On the basis of the results of frontier orbital considerations, 4-substituted-2′-pyridyltriazoles were designed to serve as ancillary ligands in 2-phenylpyridine main ligand containing heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes that display deep blue phosphorescence emission. The iridium(III) complexes, Ir1–Ir7, prepared using the new ancillary ligands, were found to display structured, highly quantum efficient (Φ_p = 0.20-0.42) phosphorescence with emission maxima in the blue to deep blue 448-456 nm at room temperature In accord with predictions based on frontier orbital considerations, the complexes were observed to have emission properties that are dependent on the electronic nature of substituents at the C-4 position of the pyridine moiety of the ancillary ligand. Importantly, placement of an electron-donating Me group at C-4′ of the pyridine ring of the 5-(pyridine-2′-yl)-3-trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-triazole ancillary ligand leads to an iridium(III) complex that displays a deep blue phosphorescence emission maximum at 448 nm in both the liquid and film states at room temperature Finally, an OLED device, constructed using an Ir-complex containing the optimized ancillary ligand as the dopant, was found to emit deep blue color with a CIE of 0.15, 0.18, which is close to the perfect goal of 0.15, 0.15. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4Related Products of 1620-76-4).

4-Methylpicolinonitrile (cas: 1620-76-4) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Related Products of 1620-76-4

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Discovery of Potent and Orally Bioavailable GPR40 Full Agonists Bearing Thiophen-2-ylpropanoic Acid Scaffold was written by Li, He;Huang, Qi;Chen, Cheng;Xu, Bin;Wang, He-Yao;Long, Ya-Qiu. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2017.Reference of 1072951-54-2 This article mentions the following:

The free fatty acid receptor GPR40 is predominantly expressed in pancreatic β-cells and enhances insulin secretion in a glucose dependent manner. Therefore, GPR40 agonists are possible novel insulin secretagogues with reduced or no risk of hypoglycemia for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Chem. and structurally diverse GPR40 agonists with high safety are pursued for the clin. development of GPR40-based pharmacotherapeutics. Herein we report our design and discovery of a new chemotype of GPR40 agonists free of the typical phenylpropanoic acid scaffold. The thiophen-2-ylpropanoic acid containing GPR40 modulators functioned as full agonists with high-efficacy response (E_max) and reduced lipophilicity. Significantly, the lead compound in this series, (R)-7k, exhibited more potent in vitro glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and in vivo glucose-lowering effects (10 mg/kg, po) than the GPR40 partial agonist TAK-875, which was once in phase III clin. trials, and high selectivity over the relevant receptors GPR120 and PPARγ. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,6-Dichloropyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (cas: 1072951-54-2Reference of 1072951-54-2).

(2,6-Dichloropyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (cas: 1072951-54-2) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Reference of 1072951-54-2

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Competitive eliminations in the basic decomposition of N-alkoxypyridinium salts. I. Competition between ylide or anhydro base intermediates and hydroxide ions in the abstraction of α or β protons in the alkoxyl chain was written by Sliwa, H.;Tartar, A.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 1977.Synthetic Route of C7H9NO This article mentions the following:

A novel mode of base-induced decomposition of N-alkoxypyridinium salts with a β-H in the alkoxy chain is described. The N-oxide moiety acts as a leaving group in an elimination reaction to give an ethylenic derivative, in competition with the classical decomposition to aldehyde and pyridine. The latter is predominant in I (R = H, R¹ = R² = Me; R = R¹ = H, R² = Me) whereas the former is almost exclusive in I (R = H, Me; R¹ = R² =H). Deuteration studies showed that proton abstraction results from direct attack by OH^– except for the α-proton of salts bearing ≥1 Me group in the 2- or 6-positions, where it occurs by an intramol. transfer to an intermediary anhydro base. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8Synthetic Route of C7H9NO).

3,5-Dimethylpyridine 1-oxide (cas: 3718-65-8) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Synthetic Route of C7H9NO

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem