Tag: 200-300

Association of Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate with Sleep-Related Problems in a General Population was written by Ge, Lin;Luo, Jia;Zhang, Liming;Kang, Xiao;Zhang, Dongfeng. And the article was included in Nutrients in 2022.Quality Control of (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The evidence on the relationship of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) with sleep-related problems is limited and controversial. Notably, there is a lack of studies on the general population and studies of the dose-response relationship. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the associations between serum PLP concentration and sleep-related problems (sleep quality and sleep duration) in adults, using the data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010. High-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) was used to test PLP in blood samples. Sleep quality and sleep duration were based on self-reported data, with sleep quality categorized as sleep disorder, trouble falling asleep, waking up during the night, and daytime sleepiness. The primary analyses utilized logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline. Compared with the first quartile (Q1), the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of daytime sleepiness for the Q2 and Q3 of serum PLP concentrations were 0.76 (0.59-0.99) and 0.78 (0.62-0.98), resp. The relationship was only significant for males. Furthermore, a non-linear dose-response relationship was observed between serum PLP concentration and the risk of daytime sleepiness. Compared with the normal sleep duration group, serum PLP concentrations were neg. associated with the risks of very short, short, and long sleep duration, with relative risk ratios (RRRs) of 0.58 (0.43-0.81) (Q4), 0.71 (0.61-0.83) (Q4) and 0.62 (0.34-0.94) (Q3), resp. The average serum PLP concentrations were higher in people with normal sleep duration, suggesting a non-linear dose-response relationship. Our study indicated that serum PLP concentrations were neg. associated with daytime sleepiness, and this association may only exist in males. Moreover, it was also inversely related to abnormal sleep duration (very short, short, long) compared to normal sleep duration. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7Quality Control of (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a conjugated system of six π electrons that are delocalized over the ring. The molecule is planar and, thus, follows the Hückel criteria for aromatic systems. Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Quality Control of (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for determination of B vitamins and some its derivatives in whole blood was written by Kahoun, David;Fojtikova, Pavla;Vacha, Frantisek;Cizkova, Marie;Vodicka, Roman;Novakova, Eva;Hypsa, Vaclav. And the article was included in PLoS One in 2022.Computed Properties of C8H10NO6P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Obligate symbiotic bacteria associated with the insects feeding exclusively on vertebrate blood are supposed to complement B vitamins presumably lacking in their diet. Recent genomic analyses revealed considerable differences in biosynthetic capacities across different symbionts, suggesting that levels of B vitamins may vary across different vertebrate hosts. However, a rigorous determination of B vitamins content in blood of various vertebrates has not yet been approached. A reliable anal. method focused on B vitamin complex in blood can provide valuable informative background and understanding of general principles of insect symbiosis. In this work, a chromatog. separation of eight B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, and cyanocobalamine), four B vitamin derivatives (niacinamide, pyridoxal-5-phosphate, 4-pyridoxic acid, and tetrahydrofolic acid), and 3 stable isotope labeled internal standards was developed. Detection was carried out using dual-pressure linear ion trap mass spectrometer in FullScan MS/MS and SIM mode. Except for vitamin B9 (tetrahydrofolic acid), the instrument quantitation limits of all analytes were ranging from 0.42 to 5.0μg/L, correlation coefficients from 0.9997 to 1.0000, and QC coefficients from 0.53 to 3.2%. Optimization of whole blood sample preparation step was focused especially on evaluation of two types of protein-precipitation agents: trichloroacetic acid and zinc sulfate in methanol. The best results were obtained for zinc sulfate in methanol, but only nine analytes were successfully validated. Accuracy of the procedure using this protein-precipitating agent was ranging from 89 to 120%, precision from 0.5 to 13%, and process efficiency from 65 to 108%. The content of B vitamins in whole blood samples from human and various vertebrates is presented as an application example of this newly developed method. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7Computed Properties of C8H10NO6P).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Computed Properties of C8H10NO6P

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Genetic Analysis Using Vitamin B₆ Antagonist 4-Deoxypyridoxine Uncovers a Connection between Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate and Coenzyme A Metabolism in Salmonella enterica. was written by Vu, Huong N;Downs, Diana M. And the article was included in Journal of bacteriology in 2022.Related Products of 54-47-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) is an essential cofactor for organisms in all three domains of life. Despite the central role of PLP, many aspects of vitamin B₆ metabolism, including its integration with other biological pathways, are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the metabolic perturbations caused by the vitamin B₆ antagonist 4-deoxypyridoxine (dPN) in a ptsJ mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2. Our data suggest that PdxK (pyridoxal/pyridoxine/pyridoxamine kinase [EC 2.7.1.35]) phosphorylates dPN to 4-deoxypyridoxine 5′-phosphate (dPNP), which in turn can compromise the de novo biosynthesis of PLP. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that accumulated dPNP inhibits GlyA (serine hydroxymethyltransferase [EC 2.1.2.1]) and/or GcvP (glycine decarboxylase [EC 1.4.4.2]), two PLP-dependent enzymes involved in the generation of one-carbon units. Our data suggest that this inhibition leads to reduced flux to coenzyme A (CoA) precursors and subsequently decreased synthesis of CoA and thiamine. This study uncovers a link between vitamin B₆ metabolism and the biosynthesis of CoA and thiamine, highlighting the integration of biochemical pathways in microbes. IMPORTANCE PLP is a ubiquitous cofactor required by enzymes in diverse metabolic networks. The data presented here expand our understanding of the toxic effects of dPN, a vitamin B₆ antagonist that is often used to mimic vitamin B₆ deficiency and to study PLP-dependent enzyme kinetics. In addition to de novo PLP biosynthesis, we define a metabolic connection between vitamin B₆ metabolism and synthesis of thiamine and CoA. This work provides a foundation for the use of dPN to study vitamin B₆ metabolism in other organisms. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7Related Products of 54-47-7).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine’s the lone pair does not contribute to the aromatic system but importantly influences the chemical properties of pyridine, as it easily supports bond formation via an electrophilic attack. Pyridine derivatives are also useful as small-molecule α-helix mimetics that inhibit protein-protein interactions, as well as functionally selective GABA ligands.Related Products of 54-47-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Genetic Analysis Using Vitamin B₆ Antagonist 4-Deoxypyridoxine Uncovers a Connection between Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate and Coenzyme A Metabolism in Salmonella enterica. was written by Vu, Huong N;Downs, Diana M. And the article was included in Journal of bacteriology in 2022.Synthetic Route of C8H10NO6P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) is an essential cofactor for organisms in all three domains of life. Despite the central role of PLP, many aspects of vitamin B₆ metabolism, including its integration with other biological pathways, are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the metabolic perturbations caused by the vitamin B₆ antagonist 4-deoxypyridoxine (dPN) in a ptsJ mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2. Our data suggest that PdxK (pyridoxal/pyridoxine/pyridoxamine kinase [EC 2.7.1.35]) phosphorylates dPN to 4-deoxypyridoxine 5′-phosphate (dPNP), which in turn can compromise the de novo biosynthesis of PLP. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that accumulated dPNP inhibits GlyA (serine hydroxymethyltransferase [EC 2.1.2.1]) and/or GcvP (glycine decarboxylase [EC 1.4.4.2]), two PLP-dependent enzymes involved in the generation of one-carbon units. Our data suggest that this inhibition leads to reduced flux to coenzyme A (CoA) precursors and subsequently decreased synthesis of CoA and thiamine. This study uncovers a link between vitamin B₆ metabolism and the biosynthesis of CoA and thiamine, highlighting the integration of biochemical pathways in microbes. IMPORTANCE PLP is a ubiquitous cofactor required by enzymes in diverse metabolic networks. The data presented here expand our understanding of the toxic effects of dPN, a vitamin B₆ antagonist that is often used to mimic vitamin B₆ deficiency and to study PLP-dependent enzyme kinetics. In addition to de novo PLP biosynthesis, we define a metabolic connection between vitamin B₆ metabolism and synthesis of thiamine and CoA. This work provides a foundation for the use of dPN to study vitamin B₆ metabolism in other organisms. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7Synthetic Route of C8H10NO6P).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.Synthetic Route of C8H10NO6P

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Metabolomic profiles in relation to benchmark polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and trace elements in two seabird species from Arctic Canada was written by Sarma, Sailendra Nath;Thomas, Philippe J.;Naz, Shama;Pauli, Bruce;Crump, Doug;Zahaby, Yasmeen;O’Brien, Jason M.;Mallory, Mark L.;Franckowiak, Ryan P.;Gendron, Michel;Provencher, Jennifer F.. And the article was included in Environmental Research in 2022.Formula: C8H10NO6P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

While exposure of birds to oil-related contaminants has been documented, the related adverse effects this exposure has on Arctic marine birds remain unexplored. Metabolomics can play an important role to explore biol. relevant metabolite biomarkers in relation to different stressors, even at benchmark levels of contamination. The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolomics profiles in relation to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and trace elements in the liver of two seabird species in the Canadian Arctic. In July 2018, black guillemots (Cepphus grylle) and thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) were collected by hunters from a region where natural oil seeps occur in the seabed near Qikiqtarjuaq, Nunavut, Canada. A total of 121 metabolites were identified in liver tissue samples using reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatog. coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry platforms to detect non-polar and polar metabolites, resp. Sixty-nine metabolites showed excellent repeatability and linearity and were used to examine possible effects of oil-related contaminants exposure (PACs and trace elements). Metabolites including 3-hydroxy anthranilic acid, adenine, adenosine, adenosine mono-phosphate, ascorbic acid, butyrylcarnitine, cholic acid, guanosine, guanosine mono-phosphate, inosine, norepinephrine and threonine showed significant differences (more than two fold) between the two species. Elevated adenine and adenosine, along with decreased reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio, highlighted the potential for oxidative stress in murres. Lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity assays also confirmed these metabolomic findings. These results will help to characterize the baseline metabolomic profiles of Arctic seabird species with different foraging behavior and trace element burden. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7Formula: C8H10NO6P).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. In contrast to benzene, Pyridine’s electron density is not evenly distributed over the ring, reflecting the negative inductive effect of the nitrogen atom. Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals.Formula: C8H10NO6P

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Metabolomic profiles in relation to benchmark polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and trace elements in two seabird species from Arctic Canada was written by Sarma, Sailendra Nath;Thomas, Philippe J.;Naz, Shama;Pauli, Bruce;Crump, Doug;Zahaby, Yasmeen;O’Brien, Jason M.;Mallory, Mark L.;Franckowiak, Ryan P.;Gendron, Michel;Provencher, Jennifer F.. And the article was included in Environmental Research in 2022.Category: pyridine-derivatives The following contents are mentioned in the article:

While exposure of birds to oil-related contaminants has been documented, the related adverse effects this exposure has on Arctic marine birds remain unexplored. Metabolomics can play an important role to explore biol. relevant metabolite biomarkers in relation to different stressors, even at benchmark levels of contamination. The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolomics profiles in relation to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and trace elements in the liver of two seabird species in the Canadian Arctic. In July 2018, black guillemots (Cepphus grylle) and thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) were collected by hunters from a region where natural oil seeps occur in the seabed near Qikiqtarjuaq, Nunavut, Canada. A total of 121 metabolites were identified in liver tissue samples using reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatog. coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry platforms to detect non-polar and polar metabolites, resp. Sixty-nine metabolites showed excellent repeatability and linearity and were used to examine possible effects of oil-related contaminants exposure (PACs and trace elements). Metabolites including 3-hydroxy anthranilic acid, adenine, adenosine, adenosine mono-phosphate, ascorbic acid, butyrylcarnitine, cholic acid, guanosine, guanosine mono-phosphate, inosine, norepinephrine and threonine showed significant differences (more than two fold) between the two species. Elevated adenine and adenosine, along with decreased reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio, highlighted the potential for oxidative stress in murres. Lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity assays also confirmed these metabolomic findings. These results will help to characterize the baseline metabolomic profiles of Arctic seabird species with different foraging behavior and trace element burden. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7Category: pyridine-derivatives).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Category: pyridine-derivatives

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Imaging active site chemistry and protonation states: NMR crystallography of the tryptophan synthase α-aminoacrylate intermediate was written by Holmes, Jacob B.;Liu, Viktoriia;Caulkins, Bethany G.;Hilario, Eduardo;Ghosh, Rittik K.;Drago, Victoria N.;Young, Robert P.;Romero, Jennifer A.;Gill, Adam D.;Bogie, Paul M.;Paulino, Joana;Wang, Xiaoling;Riviere, Gwladys;Bosken, Yuliana K.;Struppe, Jochem;Hassan, Alia;Guidoulianov, Jevgeni;Perrone, Barbara;Mentink-Vigier, Frederic;Chang, Chia-en A.;Long, Joanna R.;Hooley, Richard J.;Mueser, Timothy C.;Dunn, Michael F.;Mueller, Leonard J.. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2022.COA of Formula: C8H10NO6P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

NMR-assisted crystallog.-the integrated application of solid-state NMR, x-ray crystallog., and 1st-principles computational chem.-holds significant promise for mechanistic enzymol.: by providing at.-resolution characterization of stable intermediates in enzyme active sites, including H atom locations and tautomeric equilibrium, NMR crystallog. offers insight into both structure and chem. dynamics. This integrated approach is used to characterize the tryptophan synthase α-aminoacrylate intermediate, a defining species for pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-dependent enzymes that catalyze β-elimination and replacement reactions. For this intermediate, NMR-assisted crystallog. is able to identify the protonation states of the ionizable sites on the cofactor, substrate, and catalytic side chains as well as the location and orientation of crystallog. waters within the active site. Most notable is the H₂O mol. immediately adjacent to the substrate β-C, which serves as a H bond donor to the ε-amino group of the acid-base catalytic residue βLys87. From this anal., a detailed 3-dimensional picture of structure and reactivity emerges, highlighting the fate of the L-serine hydroxyl leaving group and the reaction pathway back to the preceding transition state. Reaction of the α-aminoacrylate intermediate with benzimidazole, an isostere of the natural substrate indole, shows benzimidazole bound in the active site and poised for, but unable to initiate, the subsequent bond formation step. When modeled into the benzimidazole position, indole is positioned with C3 in contact with the α-aminoacrylate Cβ and aligned for nucleophilic attack. The chem. detailed, 3-dimensional structure from NMR-assisted crystallog. is key to understanding why benzimidazole does not react, while indole does. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7COA of Formula: C8H10NO6P).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. One of the examples of pyridines is the well-known alkaloid lithoprimidine, which is an A3 adenosine receptor antagonist and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) analog, commonly used in organic synthesis.COA of Formula: C8H10NO6P

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Imaging active site chemistry and protonation states: NMR crystallography of the tryptophan synthase α-aminoacrylate intermediate was written by Holmes, Jacob B.;Liu, Viktoriia;Caulkins, Bethany G.;Hilario, Eduardo;Ghosh, Rittik K.;Drago, Victoria N.;Young, Robert P.;Romero, Jennifer A.;Gill, Adam D.;Bogie, Paul M.;Paulino, Joana;Wang, Xiaoling;Riviere, Gwladys;Bosken, Yuliana K.;Struppe, Jochem;Hassan, Alia;Guidoulianov, Jevgeni;Perrone, Barbara;Mentink-Vigier, Frederic;Chang, Chia-en A.;Long, Joanna R.;Hooley, Richard J.;Mueser, Timothy C.;Dunn, Michael F.;Mueller, Leonard J.. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2022.Name: (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

NMR-assisted crystallog.-the integrated application of solid-state NMR, x-ray crystallog., and 1st-principles computational chem.-holds significant promise for mechanistic enzymol.: by providing at.-resolution characterization of stable intermediates in enzyme active sites, including H atom locations and tautomeric equilibrium, NMR crystallog. offers insight into both structure and chem. dynamics. This integrated approach is used to characterize the tryptophan synthase α-aminoacrylate intermediate, a defining species for pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-dependent enzymes that catalyze β-elimination and replacement reactions. For this intermediate, NMR-assisted crystallog. is able to identify the protonation states of the ionizable sites on the cofactor, substrate, and catalytic side chains as well as the location and orientation of crystallog. waters within the active site. Most notable is the H₂O mol. immediately adjacent to the substrate β-C, which serves as a H bond donor to the ε-amino group of the acid-base catalytic residue βLys87. From this anal., a detailed 3-dimensional picture of structure and reactivity emerges, highlighting the fate of the L-serine hydroxyl leaving group and the reaction pathway back to the preceding transition state. Reaction of the α-aminoacrylate intermediate with benzimidazole, an isostere of the natural substrate indole, shows benzimidazole bound in the active site and poised for, but unable to initiate, the subsequent bond formation step. When modeled into the benzimidazole position, indole is positioned with C3 in contact with the α-aminoacrylate Cβ and aligned for nucleophilic attack. The chem. detailed, 3-dimensional structure from NMR-assisted crystallog. is key to understanding why benzimidazole does not react, while indole does. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7Name: (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridine has a dipole moment and a weaker resonant stabilization than benzene (resonance energy 117 kJ·mol−1 in pyridine vs. 150 kJ·mol−1 in benzene). Halopyridines are particularly attractive synthetic building blocks in a variety of cross-coupling methods, including the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.Name: (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Drosophila carrying epilepsy-associated variants in the vitamin B6 metabolism gene PNPO display allele- and diet-dependent phenotypes was written by Chi, Wanhao;Iyengar, Atulya S. R.;Fu, Wenqin;Liu, Wei;Berg, Abigayle E.;Wu, Chun-Fang;Zhuang, Xiaoxi. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2022.Synthetic Route of C8H10NO6P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Pyridox(am)ine 5′-phosphate oxidase (PNPO) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6 required for the synthesis of neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the monoamines. Pathogenic variants in PNPO have been increasingly identified in patients with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy and early-onset epilepsy. These patients often exhibit different types of seizures and variable comorbidities. Recently, the PNPO gene has also been implicated in epilepsy in adults. It is unclear how these phenotypic variations are linked to specific PNPO alleles and to what degree diet can modify their expression. Using CRISPR-Cas9, we generated four knock-in Drosophila alleles, hWT, hR116Q, hD33V, and hR95H, in which the endogenous Drosophila PNPO was replaced by wild-type human PNPO complementary DNA (cDNA) and three epilepsy-associated variants. We found that these knock-in flies exhibited a wide range of phenotypes, including developmental impairments, abnormal locomotor activities, spontaneous seizures, and shortened life span. These phenotypes are allele dependent, varying with the known biochem. severity of these mutations and our characterized mol. defects. We also showed that diet treatments further diversified the phenotypes among alleles, and PLP supplementation at larval and adult stages prevented developmental impairments and seizures in adult flies, resp. Furthermore, we found that hR95H had a significant dominant-neg. effect, rendering heterozygous flies susceptible to seizures and premature death. Together, these results provide biol. bases for the various phenotypes resulting from multifunction of PNPO, specific mol. and/or genetic properties of each PNPO variant, and differential allele-diet interactions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7Synthetic Route of C8H10NO6P).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. Pyridines are an important class of heterocycles and occur in polysubstituted forms in many naturally occurring biologically active compounds, drug molecules and chiral ligands. Pyridine groups exist in countless molecules, and their applications include catalysis, drug design, molecular recognition, and natural product synthesis.Synthetic Route of C8H10NO6P

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem

Drosophila carrying epilepsy-associated variants in the vitamin B6 metabolism gene PNPO display allele- and diet-dependent phenotypes was written by Chi, Wanhao;Iyengar, Atulya S. R.;Fu, Wenqin;Liu, Wei;Berg, Abigayle E.;Wu, Chun-Fang;Zhuang, Xiaoxi. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2022.SDS of cas: 54-47-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Pyridox(am)ine 5′-phosphate oxidase (PNPO) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6 required for the synthesis of neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the monoamines. Pathogenic variants in PNPO have been increasingly identified in patients with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy and early-onset epilepsy. These patients often exhibit different types of seizures and variable comorbidities. Recently, the PNPO gene has also been implicated in epilepsy in adults. It is unclear how these phenotypic variations are linked to specific PNPO alleles and to what degree diet can modify their expression. Using CRISPR-Cas9, we generated four knock-in Drosophila alleles, hWT, hR116Q, hD33V, and hR95H, in which the endogenous Drosophila PNPO was replaced by wild-type human PNPO complementary DNA (cDNA) and three epilepsy-associated variants. We found that these knock-in flies exhibited a wide range of phenotypes, including developmental impairments, abnormal locomotor activities, spontaneous seizures, and shortened life span. These phenotypes are allele dependent, varying with the known biochem. severity of these mutations and our characterized mol. defects. We also showed that diet treatments further diversified the phenotypes among alleles, and PLP supplementation at larval and adult stages prevented developmental impairments and seizures in adult flies, resp. Furthermore, we found that hR95H had a significant dominant-neg. effect, rendering heterozygous flies susceptible to seizures and premature death. Together, these results provide biol. bases for the various phenotypes resulting from multifunction of PNPO, specific mol. and/or genetic properties of each PNPO variant, and differential allele-diet interactions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7SDS of cas: 54-47-7).

(4-Formyl-5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate (cas: 54-47-7) belongs to pyridine derivatives. The ring atoms in the pyridine molecule are sp2-hybridized. The nitrogen is involved in the π-bonding aromatic system using its unhybridized p orbital. The lone pair is in an sp2 orbital, projecting outward from the ring in the same plane as the σ bonds. Many analogues of pyridine are known where N is replaced by other heteroatoms . Substitution of one C–H in pyridine with a second N gives rise to the diazine heterocycles (C4H4N2), with the names pyridazine, pyrimidine, and pyrazine.SDS of cas: 54-47-7

Referemce:
Pyridine – Wikipedia,
Pyridine | C5H5N – PubChem